Upper School Courses

To see the available courses and course descriptions, simply click on an option below. After having a look at course descriptions, take a peek at the Connections Academy experience by checking out our materials and sample lessons.

› VIEW ALL COURSES

Core Courses

Language Arts
Mathematics
Science
Social Studies

AP English Language A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of English 10

Description:
AP English Language and Composition follows the outline set by the College Board. The literary portion covers fiction, nonfiction, drama, and poetry. In the first semester, students will analyze style and rhetoric, examining the author’s argument and structure. Students will learn how tone, diction, and syntax influence overall meaning. They will also examine the elements of rhetoric, including an author’s various appeals, credibility, irony, and overall use of logic. Writing assignments will include both expository and argumentative styles.

Trade Book:
The Great Gatsby
The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down
Their Eyes Were Watching God

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Focuses on archetypal characters and conflicts that illustrate universal principles of human behavior. In the first semester, students explore human motivation and the concept of irony. They also read poetry, myths, and fables while continuing to strengthen their writing skills. There are also opportunities to learn and apply strategies for more effective test taking.

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar: Grade 10

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: Grade 10

Trade Book:
Of Mice and Men
Things Fall Apart

Workbook:
Prentice Hall Reader's Notebook: Grade 10
Prentice Hall Skills Development Workbook:Grade 10

English 10 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of English 10 A

Description:
Focuses on archetypal characters and conflicts that illustrate universal principles of human behavior. In the second semester students continue to explore human motivation and the concept of irony. They also read poetry, myths, and fables while continuing to strengthen their writing skills. There are also opportunities to learn and apply strategies for more effective test taking.

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar: Grade 10

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: Grade 10

Trade Book:
The Joy Luck Club

Workbook:
Prentice Hall Reader's Notebook: Grade 10
Prentice Hall Skills Development Workbook:Grade 10

English 11 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The first of two eleventh grade English courses, English 11 A provides students with an in-depth look at early American literature from the precolonial writings of the first explorers to 19^th century works, including Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare students for real-world applications of writing in their daily lives.

Units:

Literature of Early America

In this unit you will encounter a variety of Native American works, including a selection from the Iroquois Constitution. You will gain greater insight into Puritan values and style as they read both poetry and prose from this group of writers with strong religious beliefs. You will learn strategies for preparing to take standardized tests and read an excerpt from a journal written by Christopher Columbus.

Early National Literature

In this unit you will read and compare two speeches that demonstrate the fiery oratorical style that helped inspire Americans to revolutionary fervor. You will continue to compare a variety of texts--including poetry, letters, and excerpts from two of Ben Franklin’s most famous writings. You will analyze persuasive techniques, write a persuasive essay, and prepare a persuasive speech.

Nineteenth-Century Literature

In this unit you will examine writing from a period in U.S. history when American writers were developing their own unique voices. You will read prose selections from Washington Irving, Edgar Allen Poe, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau, as well as the poetry of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Emily Dickinson, and Walt Whitman.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

In this unit you will examine the autobiography of Frederick Douglass, a former slave who furthered the abolitionist movement and became a respected American writer and orator. You will analyze the historical and social contexts of Douglass’s autobiography, identify literary elements, and study vocabulary. You will also be encouraged to evaluate the author’s message.

The Scarlet Letter

In this unit you will examine cultural and historical context for The Scarlet Letter. Students will explore symbols used in the novel, examine themes, and analyze the relationship between the narrator and reader.

English 11 A Final Exam

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to prepare for and take the final exam. Since this is a comprehensive exam, it may be helpful to organize your notes in the order of the course outline before you begin to review. Using the test-taking strategies that you have previously learned can help you be successful with both objective and essay questions.

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Ruby Level)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature:The American Experience

Trade Book:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
The Scarlet Letter

Workbook:
Prentice Hall Reader's Notebook

English 11 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of English 11 A

Description:
English 11 B continues the examination of American literature, beginning with the Age of Realism (influenced by the Civil War and the antebellum period) through the modern era. In addition to studying a broad range of literary works, from Mark Twain to Willa Cather to Julia Alverez, students master critical reading, analysis, research, and assessment skills.

Units:

The Age of Realism

In this unit you will read selections from American literature written during one of the most dramatic periods in American history 1850-1914. The American experience during the Civil War is chronicled in the thousands of diaries, letters, speeches, and journals written during this time. Voices from the frontier also emerged as talented writers from the Midwest and Southwest documented their lives.

The Modern Age

In this unit you will analyze text selections written in the early twentieth century. These selections reflect the pain and disillusionment Americans felt between the two world wars. You will read and compare literary works from T.S. Eliot, John Steinbeck, E. E. Cummings, Ernest Hemingway, Zora Neale Hurston, and Langston Hughes. You will write a research paper using the MLA format.

The Great Gatsby

In this unit you will examine the narrative structure of The Great Gatsby, a book that chronicles life in New York during the Jazz Age, or Roaring Twenties. You will analyze characterization, symbolism, and conflict in the novel.

The Contemporary Period

In this unit you will read selections from a variety of writers representing the modern American experience. The text selections written during this time of prosperity and protest reflect the diverse groups in America who have asserted their rights over the years. Students will learn to appreciate the diversity of contemporary literature by reading a wide variety of short stories, essays, and poems.

The Crucible

In this unit you will examine the idea of theater as a bridge between cultures. You will read Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible and analyze the cultural and historical context for the drama. Miller examined events in his own time that had parallels with events from another period in United States history.

A Raisin in the Sun

In this unit you will read Lorraine Hansberry’s play, A Raisin in the Sun, and explore the family dynamics of the Youngers, a black family living in Chicago in the 1950s. You will analyze the elements of drama, especially the stage directions and dialogue, which give insights into the Younger family. You will also learn about the cultural and historical context of the play.

Silent Spring

In this unit you will read and analyze selections from Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring. This groundbreaking, but controversial, work of nonfiction was published in 1962 but still resonates today. You will learn about the author’s life and examine the controversy surrounding the book. You will summarize the author’s argument and identify examples of biased language.

Final Exam

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Ruby Level)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature:The American Experience

Trade Book:
A Raisin in the Sun
Silent Spring
The Great Gatsby

Workbook:
Prentice Hall Reader's Notebook

English 12 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the first of two courses that comprise English 12. In this course, the student will take an in-depth look at early British literature from 449 to 1798 and will examine literary forms including the epic, drama, and the essay. The student will also read longer selections of literature that are representative of the historical setting, including Shakespeare's Macbeth and Othello. The student will read to gain an understanding and appreciation of the historical context from which the literature arose. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare the student for writing responses to literature and essays.

Units:

Old English and Medieval Period: 449–1485 AD

In this unit, you will read the earliest works of English literature. More than a millennium old, many of these works were passed down orally for centuries before they were written down. Anglo-Saxon literature includes lyric poems that express emotion, as well as the earliest epic poem of the English language, Beowulf, which presents the adventures of a hero who is larger than life. Additionally, you will read literary works composed during the medieval era. These include Chaucer's narrative poem The Canterbury Tales, which presents various figures of medieval English society and the tales they tell while traveling on a long journey, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, a narrative poem based on the legends of King Arthur and his court. Finally, you will use the writing process to compose responses to literature.

Celebrating Humanity: 1485–1625

In this unit, you will read English literature of the Renaissance, an exciting period of rapid social and technological change. The first portion of this unit focuses on Renaissance poetry. Featured poets include Edmund Spenser, Philip Sidney, Christopher Marlowe, Sir Walter Raleigh, and William Shakespeare. These poets used various forms, including the pastoral poem and variations on the sonnet, to address universal themes, such as the nature of love and the inevitability of growing old. Next you will read Macbeth, one of Shakespeare's best-known tragedies. This dark and powerful drama presents the tale of a man whose arrogance and ambition lead him to ruin. Finally you will further develop your writing skills by writing an analysis of a sonnet and an essay exploring the characters and themes of Macbeth.

The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice

The play Othello is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare. Othello, who is a high-ranking military officer in Venice, has recently promoted another soldier, Cassio, to the higher rank of lieutenant. This event causes Iago, who has also served under Othello for many years, to seek revenge against Othello and destroy Cassio at the same time. Iago plots to convince Othello that his new wife Desdemona is unfaithful. As a result, Othello’s jealousy eventually leads him to destroy his own happiness. In this unit, you will identify literary elements, analyze characters, use comprehension strategies to make connections and draw conclusions, and define unfamiliar vocabulary words.

A Turbulent Time: 1625–1798

In this unit, you will read English literature of the 1600s and 1700s. The first portion of this unit focuses on poetry. Featured poets include John Donne, Andrew Marvell, Robert Herrick, John Suckling, and John Milton. In different ways, each of these poets explored the theme of how a person should make the most of his or her limited time on earth. Next you will read an excerpt from Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost, which draws on the Biblical story of Adam and Eve's fall from grace. You will read Samuel Pepys' and Daniel Defoe's prose accounts of crises that affected London in the 1660s. Additional works by authors of the early 1700s, including Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope, use different forms of satire—fiction, poetry, and essays—to criticize the flaws of human nature and human society.

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: The British Tradition

Trade Book:
Othello

Workbook:
PH Skills Development Workbook: British Tradition

English 12 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of English 12 A

Description:
This is the second of two courses that comprise English 12. In this course, the student will take an in-depth look at British literature from 1798 to the present and will examine literary forms including lyric poetry, the novel, and the short story. The student will also read longer selections of literature that are representative of the historical setting, including Frankenstein (required) and Pride and Prejudice (optional). The student will read to gain an understanding and appreciation of the historical context from which the literature arose. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare the student for writing responses to literature and essays.

Units:

Rebels and Dreamers: The Romantic Period

In this unit, you will read English literature of the Romantic period, which lasted from the late 1700s through the 1830s. Romantic writers—influenced by the French and American revolutionary wars and concerned with social and political change in England—rebelled against the artistic constraints of the eighteenth century. Major writers of the early Romantic period include William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. In poetry and, occasionally, in prose, these writers explored themes such as mankind's relationship to nature, the purpose of art, and the complexities of surviving in an increasingly industrialized society. Later Romantic writers, such as Lord Byron, Percy and Mary Shelley, and John Keats, continued to address these themes, often relying on exotic, Gothic imagery for effect. In this unit, you will read poetry by the best-known writers of this period. You will also begin planning your research paper for the semester.

Frankenstein

Frankenstein is the story of a young man, Victor Frankenstein, who becomes obsessed with studying anatomy and determined to understand how life is created. Passionate about science and dedicated to his dream, he creates a living being; however, his success dramatically affects his life and the lives of his family and friends. The details of Victor’s life are shared through letters from Robert Walton, an English explorer on an expedition to the North Pole, to his sister Margaret Seville in England. Robert learns Victor’s tragic tale when he rescues Victor, who is traveling by himself in the Arctic.

In this unit, you will identify literary elements, analyze characters, use comprehension strategies to make connections and draw conclusions, and define unfamiliar vocabulary words.

Pride and Prejudice

Published in 1813, Pride and Prejudice is the story of a middle-class English family, the Bennets. Mr. and Mrs. Bennet have five daughters in their teens and early twenties, and the family's security depends on the girls' prospects for marriage. Austen's novel focuses primarily on the second-eldest of the sisters, the passionate and outspoken Elizabeth, and her relationship with Fitzwilliam Darcy, a wealthy bachelor. In relating the romantic adventures of Elizabeth and her sisters, Austen provides a detailed account of love and marriage at the end of the eighteenth century.

In this unit, you will identify literary elements, analyze characters, and use comprehension strategies to make connections and draw conclusions, and define unfamiliar vocabulary words.

Progress and Decline: The Victorian Period

This unit presents English literature of the Victorian period, which lasted from the 1830s through the end of Queen Victoria's reign in 1901. During this time period, Britain became a formidable economic and military power with colonies in Asia and Africa. As Britain's economy became more industrialized, many leaders became concerned with social reform. These concerns are reflected in the poetry and prose of this period. Some Victorian writers explored the harsh realities of life in industrial nineteenth-century England, while others turned to art and mythology for inspiration. In this unit, you will read works by major Victorian writers, including Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Robert and Elizabeth Browning, Charles Dickens, and Charlotte and Emily Brontë, among others. You will also continue working on your research paper for the semester.

A Time of Rapid Change: 1901 to the Present

In this unit, you will read English literature of the twentieth century, a period when England and the rest of Europe witnessed many social, political, and technological changes. Just a few short years after the end of Queen Victoria's reign, World War I and the Russian Revolution dramatically altered the existing balance of power in Europe. Later, the Great Depression and World War II further destabilized the continent. Nations that had once been colonized and controlled by Great Britain finally achieved independence, and Britain declined as an economic and military power. All of these changes made an impact on English literature. Many writers expressed a sense of uncertainty and instability; some directly addressed the brutality of war. In both poetry and prose, writers experimented with new forms and techniques that influenced the development of modern English and American literature.

This unit features works by the major English poets and fiction writers of the twentieth century, including William Butler Yeats, T. S. Eliot, Doris Lessing, James Joyce, and Virginia Woolf. During this time period, writers from former British colonies emerged as some of the most powerful new voices in English literature; you will read the work of some of these writers, such as Anita Desai. You will also complete your research paper and write a persuasive essay.

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: The British Tradition

Trade Book:
Frankenstein
Pride and Prejudice

Workbook:
PH Skills Development Workbook: British Tradition

English 9 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
English 9 A explores literature through the genres of fiction, nonfiction, and folklore. Students learn effective writing through the mastery of skills in grammar, usage, mechanics, and vocabulary development. Examination of the author’s purpose and literary elements guide students to think critically about literature.

Units:

Thrillers

In this unit, you will turn the pages to enter a world of suspense and mystery. You will have the opportunity to discover an author's obsession with revenge and death, a story about a competition that becomes a life-or-death situation, and a news article that focuses on the discovery of mysterious mummies in China. While expanding your repertoire of literature, you will enhance your grammar, language, and writing skills.

People, Dreams, and Cultures

In this unit, you will read fascinating stories and poems about people from different cultures. You will travel from China to India, and will have a chance to write exciting pieces for your portfolio. The unit begins with an emphasis on poetry that explores people's aspirations for the future and their frustrations with the past and/or present. You will be introduced to the art of persuasive speech, read famous speeches by world renowned activists. Prepare yourself for the trip to India where you will meet ghosts in a temple, then play chess with a young girl struggling in a clash of cultures as she tries to find her own identity apart from her mother's.

Animal Farm: A Novel

In this unit, you will explore the Russian Revolution by way of George Orwell's Animal Farm. In Animal Farm, Orwell satirizes totalitarianism. Using Orwell's text, you will develop an understanding of literary elements, complete a story map, and effectively write from a literary character's perspective.

English 9A Final Exam

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Literature (Gold Level)
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Gold Level)

Trade Book:
Animal Farm

English 9 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of English 9 A

Description:
The second course in English 9 continues the exploration of significant works of literature, including Romeo and Juliet and To Kill a Mockingbird. Communication and language development skills are enhanced through analytical and writing exercises. Students also examine key elements of poetry, such as theme, imagery, and sound devices.

Units:

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

"In Fair Verona" is where we begin as we travel to Italy to hear the story of two "star-crossed lovers." The pair are caught in the middle of the violent and bloody feud of their families, the Capulets and the Montagues. The ending is no surprise as we are informed of the death of these two lovers in the opening lines of the play. These events, along with fate, work to keep you involved as the suspense increases.

To Kill a Mockingbird

In To Kill a Mockingbird you will read the story of a sleepy southern town that has its conscience tested. The story is heartbreaking, mysterious, and humorous in its exploration of the depths of human behavior, love, hatred, and innocence.

Poetry and Informational Materials

In this unit, you will examine and learn to use common documents encountered in everyday life. The poems in this unit explore many themes, and by studying them your understanding of important poetic elements will grow. Theme, symbolism, figurative language, imagery, and sound devices will all be explored through the works of great modern and timeless poets.

English 9B Final Exam

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Literature (Gold Level)
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Gold Level)

Trade Book:
To Kill a Mockingbird

Honors English 10 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar: Grade 10

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: Grade 10

Trade Book:
Huckleberry Finn
Things Fall Apart

Workbook:
Prentice Hall Reader's Notebook: Grade 10
Prentice Hall Skills Development Workbook:Grade 10

Honors English 10 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors English 10 A

Honors English 11 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The first of two eleventh grade English courses, Honors English 11 A provides students with an in-depth look at early American literature from the precolonial writings of the first explorers to nineteenth century works, including Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare students for real-world applications of writing in their daily lives. The Honors course includes more rigorous curriculum and provides greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Literature of Early America

Early National Literature

Nineteenth-Century Literature

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

The Scarlet Letter

Honors English 11 A Final Exam

Honors English 11 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors English 11 A

Description:
Honors English 11 B continues the examination of American literature, beginning with the Age of Realism (influenced by the Civil War and the antebellum period) and through the modern era. The Honors course includes more rigorous curriculum and provides greater opportunities for students explore concepts. In addition studying a broad range of literary works, from Mark Twain to Willa Cather to Julia Alverez, students master critical reading, analysis, research, and assessment skills.

Units:

The Age of Realism

The Modern Age

The Great Gatsby

The Contemporary Period

The Crucible

A Raisin in the Sun

Silent Spring

Honors English 11 B Final Exam

Honors English 12 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the first of two courses that comprise Honors English 12. In this course, the student will take an in-depth look at early British literature from 449 to 1798 and will examine literary forms including the epic, drama, and the essay. The student will also read longer selections of literature that are representative of the historical setting, including Shakespeare's Macbeth and Othello. The student will read to gain and understanding and appreciation of the historical context from which the literature arose. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare the student for real-world applications of writing. The Honors course includes more rigorous curriculum and provides greater opportunities for students to explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills

Units:

Old English and Medieval Period: Legend to History

In this unit, you will read the earliest works of English literature. More than a millennium old, many of these works were passed down orally for centuries before they were written down. Anglo-Saxon literature includes lyric poems that expressed emotion, as well as the earliest epic poem of the English language, Beowulf, which presents the adventures of a hero who is larger than life. Additionally, you will read literary works composed during the medieval era. These include Chaucer's narrative poem The Canterbury Tales, which presents various figures of medieval English society and the tales they tell while traveling on a long journey, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, a narrative poem based on the legends of King Arthur and his court. Finally, you will use the writing process to compose responses to literature.

Celebrating Humanity: 1485–1625

In this unit, you will read English literature of the Renaissance, an exciting period of rapid social and technological change. The first portion of this unit focuses on Renaissance poetry. Featured poets include Edmund Spenser, Philip Sidney, Christopher Marlowe, Sir Walter Raleigh, and William Shakespeare. These poets used various forms, including the pastoral poem and variations on the sonnet, to address universal themes, such as the nature of love and the inevitability of growing old. Next you will read Macbeth, one of Shakespeare's best-known tragedies. This dark and powerful drama presents the tale of a man whose arrogance and ambition lead him to ruin. Finally, you will further develop your writing skills by writing an analysis of a sonnet and an essay exploring the characters and themes of Macbeth.

The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice

A Turbulent Time: 1625–1798

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: The British Tradition

Trade Book:
Othello

Workbook:
PH Skills Development Workbook: British Tradition

Honors English 12 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors English 12 A

Description:
This is the second of two courses that comprise Honors English 12. In this course, the student will take an in-depth look at British literature from 1798 to the present and will examine literary forms including lyric poetry, the novel, and the short story. The student will also read longer selections of literature that are representative of the historical setting, including Frankenstein and Pride and Prejudice. The student will read to gain and understanding and appreciation of the historical context from which the literature arose. Vocabulary development and mastery of critical grammar and communication skills prepare the student for real-world applications of writing. The Honors course includes more rigorous curriculum and provides greater opportunities for students to explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Rebels and Dreamers: The Romantic Period

Frankenstein

Frankenstein is the story of a young man, Victor Frankenstein, who becomes obsessed with studying anatomy and determined to understand how life is created. Passionate about science and dedicated to his dream, he creates a living being; however, his success dramatically affects his life and the lives of his family and friends. The details of Victor’s life are shared through letters from Robert Walton, an English explorer on an expedition to the North Pole, to his sister Margaret Seville in England. Robert learns Victor’s tragic tale when he rescues Victor, who is traveling by himself in the Arctic. In this unit, you will identify literary elements, analyze characters, use comprehension strategies to make connections and draw conclusions, and define unfamiliar vocabulary words.

Pride and Prejudice

Published in 1813, Pride and Prejudice is the story of a middle-class English family, the Bennets. Mr. and Mrs. Bennet have five daughters in their teens and early twenties, and the family's security depends on the girls' prospects for marriage. Austen's novel focuses primarily on the second-eldest of the sisters, the passionate and outspoken Elizabeth, and her relationship with Fitzwilliam Darcy, a wealthy bachelor. In relating the romantic adventures of Elizabeth and her sisters, Austen provides a detailed account of love and marriage at the end of the eighteenth century.

In this unit, you will identify literary elements, analyze characters, use comprehension strategies to make connections and draw conclusions, and define unfamiliar vocabulary words.

Progress and Decline: The Victorian Period

This unit presents English literature of the Victorian period, which lasted from the 1830s through the end of Queen Victoria's reign in 1901. During this time period, Britain became a formidable economic and military power with colonies in Asia and Africa. As Britain's economy became more industrialized, many leaders became concerned with social reform. These concerns are reflected in the poetry and prose of this period. Some Victorian writers explored the harsh realities of life in industrial nineteenth-century England, while others turned to art and mythology for inspiration. In this unit, you will read works by major Victorian writers, including Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Robert and Elizabeth Browning, Charles Dickens, and Charlotte and Emily Brontë, among others. In addition, you will continue working on your research paper for the semester.

A Time of Rapid Change: 1901 to the Present

In this unit, you will read English literature of the twentieth century, a period when England and the rest of Europe witnessed many social, political, and technological changes. Just a few short years after the end of Queen Victoria's reign, World War I and the Russian Revolution dramatically altered the existing balance of power in Europe. Later, the Great Depression and World War II further destabilized the continent. Nations that had once been colonized and controlled by Great Britain finally achieved independence, and Britain declined as an economic and military power. All of these changes made an impact on English literature. Many writers expressed a sense of uncertainty and instability; some directly addressed the brutality of war. In both poetry and prose, writers experimented with new forms and techniques that influenced the development of modern English and American literature.

This unit features works by the major English poets and fiction writers of the twentieth century, including William Butler Yeats, T. S. Eliot, Doris Lessing, James Joyce, and Virginia Woolf, among others. During this time period, writers from former British colonies emerged as some of the most powerful new voices in English literature; you will read the work of some of these writers, such as Anita Desai. You will also complete your research paper and write a persuasive essay.

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Literature: The British Tradition

Trade Book:
Frankenstein
Pride and Prejudice

Workbook:
PH Skills Development Workbook: British Tradition

Honors English 9 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Honors English 9 A includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills. The course explores literature through the genres of fiction, nonfiction, and folklore. Students learn effective writing through the mastery of skills in grammar, usage, mechanics, and vocabulary development. Examination of the author’s purpose and literary elements guide students to think critically about literature.

Units:

Thrillers

People, Dreams, and Cultures

Animal Farm: A Novel

Honors English 9A Final Exam

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Literature (Gold Level)
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Gold Level)

Trade Book:
Animal Farm

Honors English 9 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors English 9 A

Description:
The second course in Honors English 9 continues the exploration of significant works of literature, including Romeo and Juliet and To Kill a Mockingbird. Communication and language development skills are enhanced through analytical and writing exercises. Students also examine key elements of poetry, such as theme, imagery, and sound devices. The Honors course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

To Kill a Mockingbird

Poetry and Informational Materials

Honors English 9B Final Exam

Textbook:
Prentice Hall Literature (Gold Level)
Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar (Gold Level)

Trade Book:
To Kill a Mockingbird

Algebra 1 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Math 7 and/or Pre-Algebra

Description:
Algebra 1 A starts with a review of basic real number operations and properties, then continues on to more complicated concepts such as multi-step equations and inequalities, proportions (in preparation for graphing functions), variations, and linear equations. Coursework also includes problem-solving and test-taking strategies gearing students for continued study in high school and college.

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 1

Workbook:
PH Algebra 1 Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Algebra 1 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 1 A

Description:
In Algebra 1 B, students build on previous coursework, studying systems of equations and inequalities. Exponents, exponential functions, and polynomials are examined, providing the groundwork for understanding quadratic equations and functions. Throughout the course, students learn strategies and tips to algebraic problems in state assessments and college entrance exams.

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 1

Workbook:
PH Algebra 1 Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Algebra 2 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 1 and Geometry

Description:
Students continue their exploration of higher-level mathematics in this comprehensive course. After reviewing concepts from Algebra 1, students in Algebra 2 A move into studying linear systems, graphing, and matrices. Students build upon previous knowledge of quadratic equations and functions and begin to examine polynomials and their functions.

Units:

Tools of Algebra

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

As you work through the unit, you will have the opportunity to review basic properties of real numbers. You will focus on the properties of operations, equality, and inequalities, as well as use these properties to solve one-variable equations and inequalities. You will also review and solve equations and inequalities that involve absolute value. Finally, you will examine the fundamental concepts of experimental, theoretical, and geometric probability.

Functions, Equations, and Graphs

In this unit, you will define and graph relations and functions using verbal descriptions, lists, tables, and mapping diagrams. Specifically, you will examine linear functions and solve linear equations using slope. You will also examine direct variation and learn how to model many real-world situations using linear models. Finally, you will graph absolute value functions and analyze vertical and horizontal translations.

Linear Systems

In this unit, you will continue your study of linear equations by solving systems of linear equations and inequalities. You will determine if the system of linear equations or inequalities can be solved graphically or algebraically. You will examine a branch of mathematics called linear programming in order to determine the maximum and minimum values for real-world problems. At the end of the unit, you will solve and graph systems of linear equations with three variables.

Matrices

In this unit, you will be introduced how to organize data into matrices. You will learn how to add matrices, subtract matrices, and matrix multiplication. You will transform geometric figures using matrix operations. You will also explore 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 matrices, determinants, and inverses. Finally, you will solve systems of equations using inverse matrices, matrices of systems, and augmented matrices and systems.

Quadratic Equations and Functions

In this unit, you will explore quadratic equations and functions. You will study the properties of parabolas and use these properties to graph, find the maximum and minimum values of quadratic functions, and translate parabolas. You will learn how to factor quadratic expressions and solve quadratic equations by factoring, finding square roots, and graphing. At the end of the unit, you will be introduced to complex numbers and solve quadratic expressions by completing the square and by using the Quadratic Formula.

Polynomials and Polynomial Functions

In this unit, you will use your knowledge of the properties of linear and quadratic functions to classify and examine polynomials and polynomial functions. Then, you will learn how to find linear factors and zeros of a polynomial function, divide polynomials, and solve polynomial equations. You will be introduced to several methods of finding the roots of polynomial equations including the Rational Root Theorem, Irrational Root Theorem, and the Imaginary Root Theorem. You will also solve polynomial equations with complex roots using the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. At the end of this unit, you will evaluate probability problems using permutations, combinations, Pascal's Triangle, and the Binomial Theorem.

Algebra 2 A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 2

Workbook:
PH All-in-One Student Workbook (Algebra 2)

Algebra 2 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 2 A

Description:
Radical functions, exponents, periodic functions, and statistics round out the Algebra 2 curriculum in the B course. Students study radical functions and rational exponents in preparation for working with exponential and logarithmic functions. Rational functions, quadratic relations, and probability are also explored in detail, preparing students for continued study in precalculus.

Units:

Radical Functions and Rational Exponents

In this unit, you will review properties of exponents and be introduced to roots and radical expressions. You will use the skills from this lesson to multiply and divide rational expressions. Then, you will explore binomial radical expressions and rational exponents. You will expand your knowledge of functions by learning important function operations, composite functions, inverse relations and inverse functions. Finally, you will combine your knowledge of functions by graphing radical functions.

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

In this unit, you will begin your study of exponential and logarithmic functions by exploring exponential models such as exponential growth and decay. There are many real-world applications of exponential functions including compound interest, depreciation, population growth, and radioactive decay. You will define and learn the properties of exponential and logarithmic functions. Then, you will explore logarithmic functions as inverses and natural logarithms. At the end of this unit, you will apply what you learned in this unit to solve exponential and logarithmic equations.

Rational Functions

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of rational functions. You will explore and graph inverse variations. You will learn how to find points of discontinuity and vertical asymptotes using the graphs of rational functions. Then, you will review how to simplify rational expressions. You will use algebraic formulas to add and subtract rational expressions. You will solve rational equations and check the solutions for extraneous answers. Finally, you will use algebra to solve problems involving probability of multiple events.

Quadratic Relations and Conic Sections

In this unit, you will identify the curves of a conic section and graph several equations that describe them. You will review how the graphs of quadratic equations are parabolas before analyzing parabolas using the terms focus and directrix. Then, you will write and solve equations of a circle, ellipse, and parabola using the center and radius of a circle, the foci of an ellipse, and the foci of a hyperbola. Finally, you will identify and write equations of translated conic sections.

Sequences and Series

Finances: Income and Debt

In this unit, you will explore terms such as gross income, net income, fixed expenses, and discretionary spending and determine their importance in the amount of money you earn and spend. You will examine the benefits of creating a savings plan as well as explore some of roadblocks to saving money. Next, you will learn the dangers of debt and how to differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable debt. Finally, you will analyze your debt and determine which debt to pay off first, and how this affects your credit score.

Consumer Math A Final

Consumer Math B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Consumer Math A

Description:
The second of two courses, Consumer Math B asks students to look closely at spending patterns and purchasing motivations. Multiple lessons in financial decision-making, credit concepts, and budgeting prepare students for making their own, well-informed choices about personal finance.

Units:

Financial Decision Making

In this unit, you will review the difference between secured and unsecured debt and explore the consequences of defaulting on a secure debt. You will continue your study of unsecured debt by exploring the importance of good credit and the steps you will need to build a strong credit history. You will examine the impact of good vs. bad credit using real-world examples. Then, you will advantages and disadvantages of leasing or buying an automobile and renting or mortgaging a house. Finally, you will examine the importance of planning for retirement, creating a “safety net,” reducing discretionary spending, and having an emergency fund.

Budgeting, Saving, and Investing

In this unit, you will explore various ways to increase your income and decrease your spending and expenses. You will learn how graduating from high school and furthering your education is the best way to increase your income. In addition, you will discover why paying more than the “minimum payment” on a credit card bill in the best way to decrease your expenses. Then, you will examine saving strategies by differentiating between short-term and long-term financial goals. You will learn the difference between negotiable agreements and unilateral contracts and the importance of the written contract.

Consumer Math B Final

Explorations in Mathematics A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course provides students with a foundation in fundamental mathematic concepts, allowing them to apply these concepts to real-world situations. Prime factorization and operations with rational numbers and integers are covered, establishing a solid base for the study of more complex math.

Units:

Working with Rational Numbers

In this unit, you will learn the necessary skills to establish a solid mathematics foundation. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

As you work through the unit, you will expand your knowledge of rational numbers. You will explore divisibility patterns and prime factorization. You will use this knowledge to identify and determine the greatest common factor and the least common multiple of rational numbers. Then, you will learn how to add and subtract rational numbers with like and unlike denominators and how to reduce the answer to its simplest form. Finally, you will solve rational number problems by multiplying and dividing.

Variables, Equations, and Properties

In this unit, you will recognize and solve mathematical expressions and equations involving variables. You will identify, understand, and simplify expressions using the following properties: Associative Property of Addition and Multiplication, Commutative Property of Addition and Multiplication, Additive and Multiplicative Identity Property, Additive and Multiplicative Inverse Properties, and the Distributive Property. Finally, you will learn how to use the order of operations to evaluate expressions.

Explorations of Mathematics A Final

Explorations in Mathematics B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Explorations in Mathematics A

Description:
In the B course, students build on fundamental math concepts and examine integers and solving equations. Probability and statistics round out the course; students explore mean, mode, and median, as well as more advanced concepts, such as permutations and combinations.

Units:

Integers and Solving Equations

In this unit, you will explore the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division properties of equality and use these properties to solve simple and one-step equations. You will be introduced to the concept of absolute values of integers in order to compare two or more integers. Then, you will learn how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers. You will solve simple equations using the reflexive, symmetric, transitive, and substitution properties of equality. Finally, you will expand your knowledge of one-step equations skills to solve real-world application problems and multi-step equations.

Probability and Statistics

In this unit, you will be introduced to and solve equations using the concepts of direct and inverse variation. You will learn the measures of central tendency including mean, median, mode, and range, and determine these measures in a data set. You will expand on the measures of central tendency by calculating the quartiles of an ordered data set. Then, you will explore some common concepts of probability including the counting principle, permutations, combinations, and probability of simple events. At the end of the unit, you will calculate real-world probability problems.

Explorations in Mathematics B Final

Geometry A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 1 is the prerequisite for Geometry.

Description:
Using the basic principles of logic, Geometry A students learn to construct formal proofs and then study parallel and perpendicular lines, triangles and their properties and relationships, and quadrilaterals. Throughout the course, students are exposed to various technologies and strategies for problem-solving and test-taking.

Units:

Tools of Geometry

In this unit, you will review the basic principals of geometry in preparation for extensive study of the geometry course. You will begin by using mental math to evaluate patterns and predict future outcomes using deductive reasoning. You will then use terms you are already familiar with including point, line, and plane in postulates about segments, rays, lines, planes, and angles. While building on your knowledge of geometry you will use tools, such as a straightedge and a compass to measure geometric shapes, angles, and segments to construct your own figures. In the next section, you will expand your knowledge of the coordinate plane, including how to find the distances between points, and how to calculate the midpoints of segments. Finally, you will measure perimeters and circumferences, as well as find areas of various shapes.

Reasoning and Proof

In this unit, you will use your knowledge of deductive reasoning to write special types of statements. The statements are known as conditionals, biconditionals, and definitions. These statements will help you to determine the validity of other geometric events. You will use this information to determine your preliminary conclusions about geometric relationships.

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

In this unit, you will continue to use deductive reasoning to make conclusions about parallel and perpendicular lines. You will use parallel lines in relation to other geometric figures, using them to measure shapes. The Polygon Angle-Sum Theorem will be used to classify triangles and find measures of angles. To finish out the unit you will learn to construct your own angle bisectors, perpendicular lines, quadrilaterals, and parallel lines.

Congruent Triangles

In this unit, you will discover how to recognize and prove that triangles are congruent. You will be introduced to postulates and theorems to help you determine the congruency of triangles. Throughout the unit you will be noting different types of triangles, including right, congruent, isosceles, and equilateral and seeing how they relate to the different postulates you use them with to complete proofs. Your work in this unit will help you manage the rest of this course.

Relationships Within Triangles

In this unit, you will test your knowledge of triangle relationships. With this knowledge you will discover how to use what you know to determine geometric relationships within other figures. You will learn more intricate details about triangles and lines and how they affect one another geometrically, involving concurrent lines and bisectors. Finally, you will explore the roles of indirect reasoning, inverses, and contrapositives in determining inequalities in triangles.

Quadrilaterals

In this unit, you will apply what you have learned about triangles, postulates, algebraic techniques, and other methods of proof in the study of quadrilaterals. You will learn the different properties of polygons and parallelograms as well as classification techniques for working with quadrilaterals. Finally, you will be introduced to special parallelograms and how to place figures on the coordinate plane.

Geometry A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Geometry

Workbook:
PH Geometry Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Geometry B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Students must have successfully completed the first half of a Geometry course in order to take Geometry B.

Successful completion of Algebra 1 is the prerequisite for Geometry.

Description:
In Geometry B, students learn to find area, surface area, and volume, and study the concept of similarity as it relates to various figures, including an in-depth valuation of circles and their unique properties. Students are also introduced to right angle trigonometry. As in Geometry A, students learn various test-taking strategies to increase performance on state assessments and college entrance exams.

Units:

Area

In this unit, you will find the area formulas of various figures and learn how area relates in different figures. You will use the 30°-60°-90° triangles as well as the 45°-45°-90° triangles to explore new triangle relationships. You will also use the Pythagorean Theorem to find areas of triangles, quadrilaterals, and regular polygons.

Similarity

In this unit, you will learn about similar polygons and how some polygons, although they look similar, are not the same size. By using the similar polygons definitions you will learn how to prove triangles similar. Finally, you will take a look at perimeters and angles and determine how they relate to one another.

Right Triangle Trigonometry

In this unit, the sine, cosine, and tangent trigonometric ratios will be introduced and used extensively in order to develop a new way of thinking about geometry and right triangles. Finally, you will examine ratios in order to find missing variables, such as lengths and angle measurements.

Surface Area and Volume

In this unit, you will examine nets that describe various solid shapes. Using the nets you will notice the commonalities between two and three-dimensional figures. With the nets you will be able to create space figures and drawing that will help you measure lengths and areas of solid figures. The most important skill you will develop during this unit is the ability to find the surface areas and volumes of various figures.

Circles

In this unit, you will expand the skills you have acquired in this course regarding circles. You will find tangent lines, chords and arcs, inscribed angles, and angle measures and segment lines.

Transformations

In this unit, you will conclude your study of geometry. At this point, you will have a solid understanding of the different ways geometry can be applied to real-life situations. You will examine the geometric plane and the different transformations on the plane. You will identify and perform reflections, translations, and rotations. Finally, you will explore and study dilations.

Geometry B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Geometry

Workbook:
PH Geometry Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Honors Algebra 1 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Math 7 and/or Pre-Algebra

Description:
Honors Algebra 1 A starts with a review of basic real number operations and properties, then continues on to more complicated concepts such as multi-step equations and inequalities, proportions (in preparation for graphing functions), variations, and linear equations. Coursework also includes problem-solving and test-taking strategies gearing students for continued study in high school and college. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Tools of Algebra

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

As you work through the unit, you will have the opportunity to model mathematical sentences using variables, evaluate expressions that include different forms of real numbers; apply the order of operations and the distributive property to simplify expressions; and graph and analyze scatter plots. Many problems in the unit are set in the context of real-life situations so that you can make connections between the mathematical ideas and their real-world applications.

Solving Equations

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to develop and extend your understanding of how to solve problems by defining and comparing variables, translating sentences to equations, and simplifying and evaluating mathematical expressions. In addition, you will use the measures of central tendency to analyze data.

Solving Inequalities

In this unit, you will extend your problem-solving and graphing skills as you learn to graph, write, and solve inequalities. As in previous units, many problems in the unit are set in the context of real-life situations so that you can make connections between the mathematical ideas and their real-world applications.

Solving and Applying Proportions

In this unit, the characteristics of ratios and proportions, as well as the methods of solving for proportions, are presented. These concepts are particularly relevant to the restaurant and banking industries.

Throughout the unit you will have opportunities to find ratios and rates, use similar figures to indirectly measure, write and solve percent equations, and calculate percent of change and percent error.

Graphs and Functions

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of equations by relating equations to their graphs. Specifically, you will sketch and analyze graphs, evaluate functions, model functions using rules, tables and graphs, and derive function rules from real-world situations.

Linear Equations and Their Graphs

In this unit, you will solve and graph linear equations. The slope of a line will be defined as a rate of change in the horizontal and vertical points of a linear equation. You will be able to determine the slope of a line or its x-and y-intercepts using a graph, two points of the line, or a form of the linear equation. You will apply your knowledge of slopes to determine whether lines are parallel or perpendicular, as well as to write their equations. You will then create scatter plots and use slope to determine the line of best fit and correlation of the data. Finally, you will graph and write absolute value equations, as well as translate parent graphs.

Systems of Equations and Inequalities

In this unit, you will develop a clear understanding of working with systems of equations and inequalities. You will begin by graphing systems to determine the possible solutions of two equations: parallel lines (no solutions), intersecting lines (one solution), or the coinciding lines (infinitely many solutions). You will discover the algebraic methods to solve a system of equations by substitution and elimination, as well as practical applications of linear systems to real world situations. Finally, you will apply your knowledge of systems of equations to solving systems of linear inequalities. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

Honors Algebra 1 A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 1

Workbook:
PH Algebra 1 Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Honors Algebra 1 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors Algebra 1 A

Description:
Honors Algebra 1 B includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills. Students build on previous coursework, studying systems of equations and inequalities. Exponents, exponential functions, and polynomials are examined, providing the groundwork for understanding quadratic equations and functions. Throughout the course, students learn strategies and tips to algebraic problems in state proficiency tests and college entrance exams.

Units:

Exponents and Exponential Functions

In this unit, you will review and build upon your knowledge of exponents and scientific notation. You will review the properties of zero and negative exponents to evaluate exponential equations. You will investigate the use of scientific notation in real-world problem solving. You will extend your knowledge of exponents to include the properties of multiplying and dividing powers, raising products and quotients to a power, and raising a power to a power. This will enable you to use exponents to write geometric sequences. Finally, you will solve and graph exponential decay and growth functions.

Polynomials and Factoring

In this unit, you will be introduced to polynomials, which are a fundamental element of algebraic expressions. You will learn to classify polynomials by their degree and number of terms as well combine monomials, binomials, and polynomials by applying the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication. You will discover specific patterns for factoring trinomials of a specific type, factoring special cases, and factoring by grouping. These skills will need to be practiced and refined as you will continue to build upon them in the rest of the course.

Quadratic Equations and Functions

In this unit, you will explore quadratic graphs, quadratic functions, and quadratic equations. You will apply your knowledge of finding and estimating square roots to solving quadratic equations. You will have the opportunity to develop skills in solving quadratic equations by different methods, such as, factoring the equations, completing the square, using the Quadratic Formula, and using the discriminant. Finally, you will use what you have learned to determine the appropriate linear, exponential, or quadratic model for real-world data.

Radical Expressions and Equations

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to develop and extend your understanding of radical expressions and their geometric and algebraic applications. You will learn to use, simplify, and combine radical expressions and their properties in order to solve radical equations. You will apply this knowledge to solving the Pythagorean Theorem, the Distance Formula, and the Midpoint Formula, which are all introduced in this unit. You will work with right triangles, and will use them to define three trigonometric functions: sine, cosine, and tangent. Finally, you will learn to graph square root functions and translate their graphs.

Rational Expressions and Functions

In this unit, you will explore rational expressions and functions. You will discover direct and inverse variation, where y/x equals a constant. You will learn to simplify, combine, and graph rational expressions as well as apply the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Your knowledge of polynomials will be expanded to utilize division and solving rational equations. Finally, you will use combinations and permutations as a means of determining outcomes in real-world situations.

Honors Algebra 1 B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 1

Workbook:
PH Algebra 1 Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Honors Algebra 2 A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 1 and Geometry

Description:
Students continue their exploration of higher-level mathematics in this comprehensive Honors course. After reviewing concepts from Algebra 1, students in Honors Algebra 2 A move into studying linear systems, graphing, and matrices. Students build upon previous knowledge of quadratic equations and functions and begin to examine polynomials and their functions. Students also study radical functions and rational exponents in preparation for working with exponential and logarithmic functions. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Tools of Algebra

Functions, Equations, and Graphs

Linear Systems

Matrices

Quadratic Equations and Functions

Polynomials and Polynomial Functions

Radical Functions and Rational Exponents

Honors Algebra 2 A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 2

Workbook:
PH All-in-One Student Workbook (Algebra 2)

Honors Algebra 2 B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors Algebra 2 A

Description:
Students in Honors Algebra 2 B are provided greater opportunities to explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills. Students begin exploring exponential and logarithmic functions. Rational functions, quadratic relations, probability, and trigonometric identities are also explored in detail, preparing students for continued study in precalculus. Periodic functions, trigonometry, and statistics round out the Honors Algebra 2 curriculum in the B course.

Units:

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Rational Functions

Quadratic Relations and Conic Sections

Sequences and Series

Probability and Statistics

Periodic Functions and Trigonometry

In this unit, you will identify the cycle, period, and amplitude of periodic functions. You will examine the unit circle and work with angles in standard position. You will calculate the angle measure in radians and use the central angle to determine the length of an arc. Then, you will graph and solve sine, cosine, and tangent trigonometric functions as well as their reciprocal functions. At the end of the unit, you will translate the sine and cosine function.

Trigonometric Identities and Equations

In this unit, you will examine trigonometric identities and verify them using the unit circle. You will solve trigonometric equations using the inverses of trigonometric functions. Then, you will explore the relationship between right triangles and trigonometric ratios, and you will use these ratios to calculate side lengths and angle measures in a right triangle. You will examine and solve problems that involve the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines. Finally, you will identify angle, double-angle, and half-angle identities and examine how they are related to the unit circle.

Honors Algebra 2 B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Algebra 2

Workbook:
PH All-in-One Student Workbook (Algebra 2)

Honors Geometry A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 1

Description:
Using the basic principles of logic, Honors Geometry A students learn to construct formal proofs and then study parallel and perpendicular lines, triangles and their properties and relationships, and quadrilaterals. A more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for concept exploration are provided. Throughout the course, students are exposed to various technologies and strategies for problem-solving and test-taking.

Units:

Tools of Geometry

Reasoning and Proof

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Congruent Triangles

Relationships Within Triangles

Quadrilaterals

Honors Geometry A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Geometry

Workbook:
PH Geometry Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Honors Geometry B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors Geometry A

Description:
In Honors Geometry B, students learn to find area, surface area, and volume, and study the concept of similarity as it relates to various figures, including an in-depth valuation of circles and their unique properties. Students are also introduced to right angle trigonometry. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Area

Similarity

Right Triangle Trigonometry

In this unit, the sine, cosine, and tangent trigonometric ratios will be introduced and used extensively in order to develop a new way of thinking about geometry and right triangles. You will examine ratios in order to find missing variables, such as lengths and angle measurements. Finally, you will explore vectors and begin to see the relationship between geometry and trigonometry.

Surface Area and Volume

Circles

In this unit, you will expand the skills you have acquired in this course regarding circles. You will find tangent lines, chords and arcs, inscribed angles, and angle measures and segment lines. To add to the spectrum of knowledge regarding circles, you will begin placing them on the coordinate plane and examine the concept of locus, and draw your own.

Transformations

Honors Geometry B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Geometry

Workbook:
PH Geometry Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Honors Precalculus A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 2

Description:
This course, which includes a more rigorous curriculum and opportunities for critical thinking and enrichment, is an in-depth study of functions and a review of algebraic, geometric, and trigonometric principles and techniques. Students investigate and explore the characteristics of linear, polynomial, and trigonometric functions, and use graphing calculators to solve and evaluate various functions, equations, and inequalities.

Units:

Linear Relations and Functions

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

As you work through the unit, you will have the opportunity to review properties and operations of linear and nonlinear relations and functions. You will focus on the concepts of function composition and use these concepts to graph functions. You will also review how to write linear equations as well as equations for parallel and perpendicular lines. Then, you will use these concepts to model real-world situations that involve linear functions. Finally, you will identify and graph piecewise functions.

Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities

In this unit, you will evaluate and graph systems of equations with two and three variables. You will review how to add, subtract, and multiply matrices. Then, you will use matrices to model motion and solve systems of equations using the inverses of matrices. You will also solve systems of linear inequalities by graphing and locating the minimum and maximum values. Finally, you will be introduced to linear programming procedures and use these procedures to solve real-world linear programming problems.

The Nature of Graphs

In this unit, you will analyze and create graphs to solve many real-world situations. First, you will perform tests on a graph to determine if the graph of a relation is symmetrical. You will also identify and sketch linear and nonlinear families of graphs, including transformations, polynomials, absolute value, and radical inequalities. Then, you will solve and graph inverses of relations and functions problems. You will identify and evaluate continuity, end behavior, critical points, and extrema of functions. Finally, you will graph radical functions and solve direct, inverse, and joint variation problems.

Polynomial and Rational Functions

In this unit, you will continue your study of polynomial and rational functions. You will find the roots of polynomial equations as well as use the discriminant to describe the roots of quadratic equations. You will calculate the factors of a polynomial using the Remainder, Factor, and Rational Root Theorems. Then, you will solve rational equations and decompose a fraction into partial fractions. You will also solve radical equations and inequalities using the same procedures you learned throughout this unit. Finally, you will use polynomial functions to solve real-world situations.

The Trigonometric Functions

In this unit, you will explore trigonometric functions. You will review angle and degree measure concepts as well as how to calculate the values for the trigonometric ratios using a right triangle. You will find the values of the six trigonometric rations using the unit circle. Then, you will apply your knowledge of trigonometry to determine inverse trigonometric functions, to find missing angle and side measures, and to solve right triangles. Finally, you will explore and solve problems using the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines.

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

In this unit, you will continue your study of trigonometry by examining graphs of trigonometric functions. You will review angle and radian measure concepts including radian and degree measure, arc length, and area of a sector. You will explore linear and angular velocity. Then, you will examine the graphs for the sine and cosine functions. In addition, you will learn how to calculate the amplitude and period as well as translate the graphs for the sine and cosine functions. Finally, you will graph other trigonometric functions including secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent functions as well as graph inverse trigonometric functions.

Trigonometric Identities and Equations

In this unit, you will identify trigonometric identities and solve trigonometric equations. You will explore reciprocal, quotient, Pythagorean, symmetry, and opposite-angle trigonometric identities and use them to verify other trigonometric identities. Then, you will learn and solve trigonometric equations and inequalities using the sum, difference, double-angle, and half-angle identities. Finally, you will learn how to write a linear equation in normal form and find the distance from a point to a line.

Honors Precalculus A Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Advanced Mathematical Concepts

Workbook:
Advanced Mathematical Concepts Workbook

Honors Precalculus B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors Precalculus A

Description:
The second course in Honors Precalculus examines vectors and parametric equations, complex numbers, and exponential and logarithmic functions. The final unit introduces students to the fundamentals of calculus. Mathematical reasoning and problem solving skills are stressed as students prepare for future high school or college coursework in calculus. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Vectors and Parametric Equations

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.As you work through the unit, you will be introduced to vectors and parametric equations. You will explore vector notation, including terms such as magnitude, direction, and resultant. You will learn how to add, subtract, and multiply vectors algebraically and geometrically. Then, you will determine if two vectors are perpendicular by finding their cross product. You will write, solve, and graph two-dimensional and three-dimensional vector and parametric equation problems. Finally, you will use your knowledge of vectors to solve real-world applications involving vectors.

Polar Coordinates and Complex Numbers

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of complex numbers and be introduced to polar coordinates. You will continue your study of polar coordinates by graphing polar equations, converting polar and rectangular coordinates, and writing the polar form of a linear equation. Then, you will learn how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide complex numbers in rectangular form as well as multiply and divide complex numbers in polar form. Finally, you will use De Moivre’s Theorem to calculate the powers and roots of complex numbers.

Conics

In this unit, you will review and expand your knowledge of geometry. You will review how to find the distance and midpoint using a coordinate plane and prove geometric relationships. Then, you will use algebra to write and graph the standard and general form of an equation for circles, ellipses, hyperbolas, and parabolas. You will explore rectangular and parametric forms of conic sections. You will identify the discriminant and graph conic transformations. Finally, you will solve systems of second-degree equations and inequalities.

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

In this unit, you will explore exponential and logarithmic functions. You will evaluate and simplify rational exponent expressions and equations, graph exponential equations and functions, and solve exponential growth and decay problems using the number e. Then, you will solve equations and inequalities involving common and natural logarithms. Finally, you will model real-world situations with exponential and logarithmic functions.

Sequences and Series

In this unit, you will continue your study of sequences and series. You will identify and use formulas to generate mathematical patterns, arithmetic sequences, and geometric sequences. You will explore limits and use them to evaluate infinite arithmetic and geometric sequences and series. Then, you will analyze a series to determine if it convergent or divergent. You will write a series in sigma notation using the nth term. You will learn the Binomial Theorem and use it to solve special sequences and series. Finally, you will solve and graph functions using iteration and prove conjectures using mathematical induction.

Combinatorics and Probability

In this unit, you will extend your knowledge of probability. You will review the Counting Principle, independent and dependent events, permutations, and combinations. You will explore permutations with repetitions and circular combinations. Then, you will solve problems that involve the probability of an event, odds, probability of a compound event, and conditional probability. Finally, you will find the probability of an event using the Binomial Theorem.

Statistics and Data Analysis

In this unit, you will explore statistics and data analysis methods. You will draw and interpret data using bar graphs, line plots, back-to-back bar graphs, three-dimensional bar graphs, and histograms. You will calculate measures of central tendency for a set of data. Then, you will analyze data using measures of variability including range, quartiles, interquartile range, semi-interquartile range, mean deviation, and standard deviation. You will explore normal distributions. Finally, you will determine the standard error of the mean and level of confidence for a sample set of data.

Calculus

In this unit, you will be introduced to the fundamental concepts in calculus. You will calculate limits for polynomial and rational functions. Then, you will explore derivatives and antiderivatives in polynomial functions. You will calculate the area under a curve using integrals. Finally, you will evaluate definite and indefinite integrals of a polynomial function using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.

Honors Precalculus B Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Advanced Mathematical Concepts

Workbook:
Advanced Mathematical Concepts Workbook

Pre-Algebra A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In Pre-Algebra A, students are introduced to basic algebraic principles by solving equations and inequalities with positive and negative integers, decimals, fractions, and exponents. Students move on to working with ratios, proportions, and percents, and then to solving two-step and multi-step equations and inequalities.

Units:

Algebraic Expressions and Integers

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully. You will review the concepts of order of operations, variables, writing variable expressions, and solving variable expressions. You will review integers and how to perform the four mathematical operations with integers as well as absolute values. Next, you will represent, order, and graph integers on a number line and a coordinate plane. You will learn to use inductive reasoning to determine patterns and solve real-world problems.

Solving One-Step Equations and Inequalities

In this unit, you will review the Associative, Commutative, Identity, and Distributive properties. These properties will enable you to simplify variable expressions and solve both equations and inequalities. You will learn to solve one-step equations and inequalities by using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division as inverse operations. You will learn a problem-solving technique, “Try, Check, and Revise,” the first of many techniques within the course. Finally, you will learn to identify inequalities by their corresponding graphs.

Decimals and Equations

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to develop and extend your understanding of how to solve equations that contain decimals. You will develop estimation and rounding skills and apply this knowledge to calculating products and quotients of decimals. You will begin to explore mean, median, and mode as used in real-world applications. You will also convert metric units of measure and use formulas to solve simple equations. Finally, you will solve problems using the technique, “Simplify the Problem.”

Factors, Fractions, and Exponents

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of divisibility rules and factors. This will enable you to quickly determine prime factorizations and greatest common factors which will enable you to simplify fractions more easily. You will extend your knowledge of exponents to include the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of expressions, which include powers with the same base. Finally, you will learn to identify and simplify rational numbers that contain powers.

Operations With Fractions

In this unit, you will review basic fractions concepts: comparing, ordering, adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing mixed numbers and fractions. You will use these concepts to solve equations by adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing fractions. In addition to solving equations with fractions, you will apply your knowledge to convert customary units of measure. Finally, you will learn how to convert fractions to decimals by relating the values of fractions to the values of decimals.

Ratios, Proportions, and Percents

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of percents and proportions by defining and solving problems involving ratios, rates, and unit rates. Then, you will use these concepts to solve similar figure, scale drawing, probability, and odds problems. You will also learn how to rewrite a percent as a ratio, in fraction form, and as a decimal in order to solve equations. Finally, you will learn how to find markup, discount, and percent of change by using percents.

Solving Equations and Inequalities

In this unit, you will expand your understanding of mathematical properties to solve two-step equations, two-step inequalities, and multi-step equations. These equations and inequalities are more complicated because they include fractions, decimals, and variables on both sides of the equal sign. You will also solve equations using the technique, “Write an Equation.”Finally, you will gain the necessary skills to transform formulas, which are necessary for finding simple and compound interest.

Pre-Algebra A Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Pre-Algebra

Workbook:
PH Pre-Algebra Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Pre-Algebra B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Pre-Algebra A or Math 8 Pre-Algebra A.

Description:
Students continue their study in basic algebraic principles in Pre-Algebra B. Students learn how to use graphs to solve linear relations and functions. Geometry concepts are introduced, including angle relationships, polygons, translations, and rotations. Algebra skills are applied across math disciplines with the study of volume and area problems, right triangles, data analysis, and probability.

Units:

Linear Functions and Graphing

In this unit, you will learn how to identify relations and functions. You will develop the necessary skills to solve systems of linear equations and inequalities by graphing, including plotting points and using the slope and y-intercept. In addition to graphing linear equations, you will also write rules for linear functions from word problems and tables. Finally, you will use real-world examples to find trends and make predictions from scatter plots.

Spatial Thinking

In this unit, you will be introduced to the basic figures of geometry, including points, lines, segments, and rays. You will use these figures to identify special pairs of lines and angles as well as apply what you will learn about line relationships and angle measure to classify triangles and quadrilaterals. You will also be able to determine how two triangles are congruent by identifying corresponding parts of polygons. You will use your knowledge of proportions to create and interpret circle graphs. Finally, you will be introduced to the study of translations, reflections, and rotations of geometric figures.

Area and Volume

In this unit, you will learn how to find the areas of parallelograms, triangles, trapezoids, and circles using formulas. You will determine the surface areas of prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres. You will calculate the volume of prisms and cylinders. You will also use these formulas to determine the areas of irregular shapes. Finally, you will learn about space figures and how to identify them using a net.

Right Triangles in Algebra

In this unit, you will expand your knowledge of algebra by finding square roots and classifying real numbers as either rational or irrational. You will use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the missing sides of right triangles, the Distance Formula to find the distance between two points, and the Midpoint Formula to find the midpoint of a segment. Then, you will learn about the special relationships that exist between the sides of 45º-45º-90º and 30º-60º-90º triangles. You will also solve problems that can be modeled with similar figures by using your knowledge of proportions. Finally, you will learn the trigonometric ratios sine, cosine, and tangent, as well as the angles of elevation and depression to find the missing values of right triangles.

Data Analysis and Probability

In this unit, you will learn how to display data in many different forms. You will create frequency tables, line plots, box-and-whisker plots, and stem-and-leaf plots. You will analyze persuasive graphs to determine if and how the data being presented is misleading. You will learn the differences between theoretical and experimental probabilities, and calculate the probabilities for independent and dependent events. You will also evaluate various sampling plans for surveys, as well as estimate data about populations. Finally, you will learn the differences between permutations and combinations and how to solve a problem by simulating the problem.

Nonlinear Functions and Polynomials

In this unit, you will explore the differences between arithmetic and geometric sequences and use them to make predictions. You will graph nonlinear functions such as quadratic and absolute value functions, and model exponential growth and decay using tables, rulers, and graphs. You will learn how to identify, evaluate, add, and subtract polynomials using models and combining like terms. Finally, you will multiply two binomials using the Distributive Property, and write a polynomial as the product of a monomial (GCF) and a polynomial.

Pre-Algebra B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Mathematics: Pre-Algebra

Workbook:
PH Pre-Algebra Study Guide and Practice Workbook

Precalculus A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion Algebra 2

Description:
This course is an in-depth study of functions and a review of algebraic, geometric, and trigonometric principles and techniques. Students investigate and explore the characteristics of linear, polynomial, and trigonometric functions, and use graphing calculators to solve and evaluate various functions, equations, and inequalities.

Units:

Linear Relations and Functions

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.

As you work through the unit, you will have the opportunity to review properties and operations of linear and nonlinear relations and functions. You will focus on the concepts of function composition and use these concepts to graph functions. You will also review how to write linear equations as well as equations for parallel and perpendicular lines. Then, you will use these concepts to model real-world situations that involve linear functions. Finally, you will identify and graph piecewise functions.

Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities

The Nature of Graphs

Polynomial and Rational Functions

The Trigonometric Functions

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

Trigonometric Identities and Equations

Precalculus A Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Advanced Mathematical Concepts

Workbook:
Advanced Mathematical Concepts Workbook

Precalculus B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Precalculus A

Description:
The second course in Precalculus examines vectors and parametric equations, complex numbers, and exponential and logarithmic functions. The final unit introduces students to the fundamentals of calculus. Mathematical reasoning and problem solving skills are stressed as students prepare for future high school or college coursework in calculus.

Units:

Vectors and Parametric Equations

In this unit, you will review previously learned mathematical principles and extend prior mathematical knowledge. Concepts emphasized in this unit will reappear throughout the course, so take the time to complete each lesson carefully.As you work through the unit, you will be introduced to vectors and parametric equations. You will explore vector notation, including terms such as magnitude, direction, and resultant. You will learn how to add, subtract, and multiply vectors algebraically and geometrically. Then, you will determine if two vectors are perpendicular by finding their cross product. You will write, solve, and graph two-dimensional and three-dimensional vector and parametric equation problems. Finally, you will use your knowledge of vectors to solve real-world applications involving vectors.

Polar Coordinates and Complex Numbers

Conics

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Sequences and Series

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Designed as a preparation for college-level biology courses, students in Biology A study the role of a biologist, analyze the life of a cell, make genetic predictions, and infer how and why organisms change. Hands-on explorations and virtual simulations enhance students’ comprehension of key science concepts.

Units:

What is Biology?

Welcome to biology, the study of the diversity and unity of living organisms. In this opening unit, you will review the common characteristics of all organisms, examine various scientific methods, compare quantitative and qualitative information, and begin to examine how scientific discovery may affect society.

Ecology

All living and nonliving components on Earth, including plants, animals, water, air, and soil, have an effect on each other. Ecology is the study of how living and nonliving elements interact. In this unit you will study these interactions as you identify biotic and abiotic factors that exist in different ecosystems, study the characteristics of different biomes, analyze how and why ecosystems change, and examine people’s impact on the environment.

The Life of a Cell

No matter how simple or complex, buildings are all composed of basic units of structural materials. Similarly, all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the basic units of life. In this unit you will explore the life of a cell as you study the chemistry of cells, identify cell structures and functions, examine how cells transfer matter and energy, and analyze the cell cycle.

Genetics

Most physical traits, such as eye and hair color, are passed on from one generation to the next. In this unit you will learn how genetics plays a role in determining traits as you study the history of genetics, analyze the structure and function of DNA, study patterns of heredity, and explore how genetic technology influences human life.

Change Through Time

Just as Earth itself is dynamic, so is the life that exists upon it. In this unit you will explore how life on Earth has changed as you examine hypotheses about how life began, study the theory of evolution, analyze ancestral evidence of humans, and compare ways in which organisms are classified.

Final Review and Exam

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to prepare for and take the final exam. The final exam may include any material that has been presented throughout the semester. Since this is a comprehensive exam, it may be helpful to organize your notes and answers to questions in your Science journal before you begin to review.

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Biology: The Dynamics of Life

Biology B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In Biology B, students examine and compare plant and animal species, beginning with the simplest bacteria and finishing with complex systems of mammals. The final unit examines the systems of the human body, with additional lessons on the human lifecycle, nutrition, and the effects of pharmaceuticals. Students complete traditional lessons as well as hands-on and virtual labs to reinforce important concepts and theories.

Units:

Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi

We can readily recognize plant and animal diversity because plants and animals are readily visible. However, much of life’s diversity exists in organisms that we do not see every day such as bacteria, protists, and fungi. In this unit you will examine and compare different types of bacteria, protists, and fungi. In addition, you will analyze the characteristics of viruses, nonliving things commonly confused with bacteria.

Plants

By now you probably know that plants are essential for most life on Earth. Not only do they provide food and energy for most organisms, they also supply life-sustaining gases. In this unit you will study the characteristics and functions of a vast array of plants and analyze the similarities and differences among them.

Invertebrates

The majority of animals on Earth are invertebrates, or animals without backbones. These animals can exist almost anywhere on Earth–from the deepest crevices of the ocean floors to the steepest snow-covered mountain tops. In this unit you will explore the variations that enable invertebrates to adapt to almost any environment and sustain almost any condition.

Vertebrates

Humans have many biological, social, and cultural ties with other vertebrates, or animals with backbones. Some people keep vertebrates, such as birds, fish, dogs, and cats, as pets. Many people rely on the products of these animals, such as milk, eggs, and leather. Some view specific vertebrates, such as cows, as religious or cultural symbols. In this unit you will explore the characteristics, adaptations, and behaviors of various types of vertebrates.

The Human Body

The human body is a complex system of chemicals, organs, vessels, and connectors that enable people to compete in soccer games, solve algebra problems, and make decisions about how to spend their free time. In this unit you will analyze the major systems of the human body and examine how they interact with one another.

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Froguts

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Biology: The Dynamics of Life

Chemistry A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Chemistry A is the first of two comprehensive courses incorporating math support and problem-solving along side the chemistry curriculum. The first course provides a foundation in elemental chemistry; students explore the atoms and elements, concepts in chemical bonding, and how atoms and elements react to one another.

Units:

Introduction to Chemistry

Chemistry can help explain much of what is happening in the world around you. This branch of science is vast because it deals with the study of matter, which is present just about everywhere. In this introductory unit, you will study the different areas of chemistry, identify how chemistry affects various industries, review the steps of the scientific method, and examine the measurement system that all scientists use. You will also learn how to measure, convert, and calculate accurately to solve chemistry problems. You will repeatedly apply these math concepts throughout the course.

An Overview of Matter and Change

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. In this unit you will begin to examine the basic types of matter and the factors that may alter it. You will learn how to classify matter, review the chemical naming system of elements, describe the physical and chemical properties of different substances, and analyze chemical and physical changes of matter. You will further explore some of these concepts later in the course.

Atoms and Elements

In order to understand the composition of matter, you need to understand the structure of an atom, the smallest particle of an element that has all the characteristics of that element. In this unit you will study the composition of atoms and elements. You will examine various historic models of the atom, learn how to write an electron configuration for an atom, compare atoms of different elements, and learn how an atom becomes an ion. In addition, you will review how elements are organized in the periodic table and analyze trends in the table.

Chemical Bonding

Atoms and molecules constantly combine to form new substances. In this unit you will learn how different types of chemical bonding occur. You will examine how atoms become charged ions; compare ionic, metallic, and covalent bonds; model how atoms combine; describe the properties of different types of compounds; and evaluate the strength of bonds. It is important that you to understand how chemical bonding occurs before you study chemical reactions.

Chemical Formulas and Reactions

In order to understand many core chemistry concepts, you must be able represent and analyze chemical reactions. In this unit you will practice doing so as you apply rules for naming and writing chemical formulas, balance equations, compare and interpret empirical and molecular formulas, and predict the products of different types of reactions. In addition, you will learn how to convert one quantity of a substance, such as mass or volume, to another, such as moles or number of particles, and calculate percent composition of a compound.

Stoichiometry

In order to thoroughly understand chemical equations, you need to be able to mathematically interpret them. In this unit you will apply math concepts in order to analyze chemical equations in terms of moles, particles, mass, and volume. You will also learn how to calculate the maximum amount of product that reaction can produce.

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Virtual CHEMLab

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Chemistry

Chemistry B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Visual learning and hands-on exercises help reinforce the concepts covered in Chemistry B, which include the properties of matter, solutions, and energy. Students are also introduced to the principles of electrochemistry, organic chemistry, and nuclear chemistry.

Units:

Solids, Liquids, and Gases

In this unit you will analyze the states of matter in terms of particles and use the kinetic theory of matter to describe the behavior of matter in each state. You will predict how temperature, volume, and the number of particles affect gas pressure, and how to quantify these effects using Boyle’s, Charles’s, and the combined gas laws. You will have the opportunity to perform a virtual lab to investigate the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas. Finally, you will learn how solutions form and compare different types of solutions.

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

In this unit you will continue to learn about different types of solutions as you examine some special properties of solutions and solve problems involving solubility and concentration. You will explore acids and bases as you compare acid-base theories, calculate acid and base concentrations, and describe what happens during neutralization reactions. You will have the opportunity to perform a virtual and a hands-on titration lab at the end of the unit.

Heat, Energy, and Reactions

In this unit you will continue to explore chemical reactions in terms of heat and energy as you learn how scientists measure the heat of a reaction and solve problems involving heat transfers in chemical reactions. You will identify factors that affect the rate of a reaction and design an experiment to test these factors. Finally, you will learn how amounts of reactants and products change in a chemical system at equilibrium and identify stresses that can change the equilibrium of a chemical reaction.

Electrochemistry

In this unit you will study electrochemistry, the branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship between electricity and chemical changes. You will examine how reactants and products gain and lose electrons, learn how to determine the oxidation number of an atom, and compare different types of electrochemical cells, which convert electrical energy into chemical energy or vice versa. In addition, you will have the opportunity to perform a virtual redox titration.

Organic Chemistry

Many everyday items, such as clothes, food, and containers, are carbon-based, or organic compounds. Throughout this unit you will classify organic compounds, model their structures, examine how they form, and identify the organic compounds that certain common products contain. In addition, you will learn about the roles that carbon plays in biochemical processes.

Nuclear Chemistry

Although nuclear materials are fairly common, most people do not know exactly what they are or what makes them both beneficial and dangerous. In this unit, you will explore different types and uses of radioactivity and analyze the various changes that nuclear particles may undergo. Also, you will learn how nuclear waste is stored and how scientists detect radiation.

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Virtual CHEMLab

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Chemistry

Earth Science A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the first of two courses that comprise Earth Science. This course is designed to prepare the student to confidently enter and complete college-level Earth science courses. The Prentice Hall text, Earth Science, provides the basis for the course content.

This course consists of varied curriculum that provides the student the opportunity to explore, compare, research, reflect, and make real-world connections. The student will engage in hands-on explorations and virtual simulations, which will enhance traditional lesson formats.

During this course, the student will identify the branches of Earth science, locate geographic features on topographic maps, conduct hands-on experiments with minerals and rocks, compare and contrast weathering and erosion, explore plate tectonics with relation to earthquakes and volcanoes, and investigate the formation of mountains.

Units:

Introduction to Earth Science

Earth Science is a vast branch of science that covers many subject areas, including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. Earth scientists study physical and chemical aspects of Earth and its place in the solar system, using various mapping techniques and advanced global positioning technology. Because Earth contains so many interactive parts, scientists often study Earth as a system. The Earth system is powered by energy from the sun and by geologic forces inside Earth.

In this introductory unit, you will learn about Earth’s composition and internal structure. You will read about different techniques that scientists use to study Earth and other planets in the solar system and you will learn how the theory of plate tectonics influences the field of Earth science. You will explore Earth’s four major spheres—the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere—and you will determine how human activity impacts the Earth system.

Minerals

Did you know that close to 4,000 different minerals have been identified on Earth? When scientists discover a new mineral, they study its physical characteristics and try to determine how it may have formed. Once a mineral has been named, it can be grouped with other minerals that share similar properties.

In this unit, you will examine some of the more common mineral groups on Earth, including silicates, carbonates, oxides, sulfates, sulfides, halides, and native elements. You will learn about mineral properties and the tests that scientists conduct to classify minerals. You will also study elements, atoms, and subatomic particles, and you will learn how atoms of different elements combine to form compounds.

Rocks

When different minerals mix together, they form rocks. There are three main types of rocks on Earth—igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic—each of which forms in a unique way. Rocks can change from one type to another because of the rock cycle, which you will learn about, and the constant changes within Earth’s interior.

In this unit, you will study each rock type in great detail. You will learn how each one forms and where scientists usually find that type of rock on Earth. You will explore the rock cycle and the natural processes that influence rock transformations. At the end of the unit, you will conduct an investigation using various samples from your rock kit.

Earth's Resources

Earth contains valuable resources—such as air and water—that are used every day by plants, animals, and humans. These resources are categorized into two main groups: renewable resources and nonrenewable resources. Since there are limited amounts of nonrenewable resources on Earth, scientists have determined alternative ways to extract energy from resources such as wind, water, and the sun.

In this unit, you will explore different forms of renewable and nonrenewable resources. You will read about fossil fuels and the ways they are used to produce energy for various human activities. You will identify alternative energy resources and their advantages and disadvantages, and you will explore how Earth’s natural resources can be protected from harmful pollutants and overuse.

Sculpturing Earth's Surface

Geologically, Earth is constantly changing. Earth’s surface is influenced by internal forces that create mountains and external forces that weather and erode Earth’s crust. Some geologic changes occur over long periods of time, while others happen quickly, drastically changing landscapes in minutes.

In this unit, you will study processes that sculpt Earth’s surface, including weathering, erosion, deposition, and even human activities such as logging and construction. You will learn how and why mass movements occur, and you will explore the various ways water can shape landscapes over time.

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Glaciers cover and shape approximately 10 percent of the total land area on Earth. As a glacier moves—or flows—it erodes rock from valley floors and walls. In sharp contrast, deserts are areas that lack moisture and have very little organic material. Desert ecosystems are easily shaped by running water and wind.

In this unit, you will learn about glaciers and deserts. You will study different types of glaciers and how they move, and you will read how sand- and pebble-covered deserts are affected by the processes of weathering and erosion. At the end of the unit, you will take a closer look at exactly how wind erodes desert landscapes.

Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

Caused by the rapid release of energy stored inside Earth, earthquakes can greatly damage Earth’s surface, particularly if they occur near a large city. Earthquakes can create various hazards, including seismic shaking, landslides, and even tsunamis.

In this unit, you will explore earthquakes and why they occur. By completing the lab Locating an Earthquake you will learn how scientists are able to determine an earthquake’s epicenter and its focus. In order to understand how scientists measure earthquakes, you will study two types of seismic waves: body waves and surface waves.

Plate Tectonics and Other Igneous Activity

The hypothesis of continental drift, followed by the theory of plate tectonics, significantly changed scientists’ understanding of Earth’s geologic forces. As scientists began to accept new ideas about movement within Earth’s layers, they were able to explain many other geologic forces, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and even seafloor spreading.

In this unit, you will explore the theory of plate tectonics and how it impacted the field of geology. You will learn what causes tectonic plate motion and you will examine different types of plate boundaries. During the unit, you will read how volcanic eruptions are directly related to activity within Earth’s interior. You will learn about different types of volcanism and you will study the three main types of volcanoes: shield, cinder cone, and composite cone.

Mountain Building

Mountains are classified into four main types: volcanic, folded, fault-block, and dome. These types of mountains can be found in various places on Earth’s surface. The mountain-building process occurs mostly at convergent plate boundaries, where colliding plates result in massive forces that create mountains.

In this unit, you will explore how and where mountains are built on Earth’s surface. You will identify the four main types of mountains and at which convergent plate boundary they usually occur. During the unit, you will complete an investigation of anticlines and synclines, which will help you better understand the different types of folded mountains.

Final Review and Exam

Science Kit:
Goggles, safety
Hand lens
Magnet, bar (set of 2)
Rock and mineral kit, advanced
Streak plate
Thermometers (2)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Earth Science

Earth Science B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the second of two courses that comprise Earth Science. This course is designed to prepare the student to confidently enter and complete college-level Earth science courses. The Prentice Hall text, Earth Science, provides the basis for the course content.

This course consists of varied curriculum that provides the student the opportunity to explore, compare, research, reflect, and make real-world connections. The student will engage in hands-on explorations and virtual simulations, which will enhance traditional lesson formats.

During this course, the student will explore Earth’s history by studying fossils and rock layers; investigate oceanic productivity and features on the sea floor; learn about atmospheric processes, including the water cycle; infer how severe storms form; study the Earth-moon-sun relationship; and explore other celestial bodies, such as stars.

Units:

Geologic Time and Earth's History

In this introductory unit, you will explore Earth's early history by studying fossils, the rock record, and the geologic time scale. You will learn how scientists are able to date rock layers using radiometric dating, and how they are able to develop theories of past environments using fossils. In addition, you will learn how the geologic time scale is organized and how it was originally developed by scientists in the 1800s.

During this unit, you will complete a lab on fossils, which will enable you to understand how fossils can be used to define rock sequences. At the end of the unit, you will study Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras. You will learn how Earth changed biologically and geologically during these important time periods in history.

Oceanography

In this unit, your reading assignments and activity components will immerse you in the field of oceanography. From physical features of the ocean floor to ocean productivity and the diversity of marine life, you will find that you cover most aspects of the world's oceans throughout this unit.

During this unit, you will study the density of seawater. You will be asked to complete a Virtual Lab in which you will experiment with different solids and liquids, to better understand density. At the end of the unit, you will learn about waves, tides, and how ocean waters circulate throughout the world. You will also learn about shoreline processes and how various features are created due to natural causes.

Meteorology: Part 1

In this unit, you will study various topics within the field of meteorology. You will learn how to differentiate between weather and climate, and you will compare and contrast heat and temperature. When studying heat, you will complete an investigation about the specific heat of land and water.

During this unit, you will also explore how clouds form. You will learn about the four processes that lift air—orographic lifting, frontal wedging, convergence, and localized convective lifting—and you will study how different types of precipitation form. At the end of the unit, you will study air pressure and wind. You will learn how air pressure is exerted on objects and how local and regional wind patterns form.

Meteorology: Part 2

In this unit, you will continue your study of meteorology. First you will learn about air masses and how they are classified. Then you will explore fronts, including: warm fronts, cold fronts, stationary fronts, and occluded fronts. You will also study severe storms and you will identify the conditions in which they form.

During this unit, you will explore global climates and the characteristics that define them. You will learn about some of the natural processes that can cause changes in climate, and you will study global warming. Upon completion of the unit, you will have a better understanding of the consequences of global warming and climate change.

Astronomy: Part 1

In this unit, you will begin to study outer space. You will first learn how early astronomers viewed Earth's place in the solar system, and you will study famous contributors to early astronomy, such as Galileo and Newton. Next you will study the Earth-moon-sun system and you will identify different features on the surface of the moon.

During this unit, you will examine the solar system and its interrelated parts. You will learn about the terrestrial and Jovian planets, as well as other bodies such as asteroids, meteors, and comets. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to explain why Pluto is no longer considered one of the planets in our solar system.

Astronomy: Part 2

In this unit, you will study light and how it applies to the field of astronomy. You will examine the electromagnetic spectrum and you will learn how the Doppler effect can be used to study stars. You will also study the following types of telescopes: refracting, reflecting, radio, and space.

During this unit, you will investigate the orbital speed of the planets in our solar system. You will also learn about star properties and the birth, life, and death of stars. Finally, you will learn about the universe on a greater scale; you will discover that scientists believe in universal expansion and you will study the big bang theory.

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Prentice Hall Virtual Earth Science

Science Kit:
Thermometers (2)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Earth Science

Honors Biology A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Designed as a preparation for college-level biology courses, students in Honors Biology A study the role of a biologist, analyze the life of a cell, make genetic predictions, and infer how and why organisms change. Hands-on explorations and virtual simulations enhance students’ comprehension of key science concepts. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Just as Earth itself is dynamic, so is thelife that exists upon it. In this unit you will explore how life on Earth has changed as you examine hypotheses about how life began, study the theory of evolution, analyze ancestral evidence of humans, and compare ways in which organisms are classified.

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Biology: The Dynamics of Life

Honors Biology B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In Honors Biology B, students examine and compare plant and animal species, beginning with the simplest bacteria and finishing with complex systems of mammals. The final unit examines the systems of the human body, with additional lessons on the human lifecycle, nutrition, and the effects of pharmaceuticals. As an Honors level course, students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills. They also complete hands-on and virtual labs to reinforce important concepts and theories.

Units:

Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Froguts

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe Biology: The Dynamics of Life

Honors Chemistry A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Honors Chemistry A is the first of two comprehensive courses incorporating math support and problem-solving along side the rigorous chemistry curriculum. The first course provides a foundation in elemental chemistry; students explore the atoms and elements, concepts in chemical bonding, and how atoms and elements react to one another. This Honors level course also includes greater opportunities for independent research and the demonstration of critical thinking skills.

Units:

Introduction to Chemistry

An Overview of Matter and Change

Atoms and Elements

Chemical Bonding

Chemical Formulas and Reactions

Stoichiometry

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Virtual CHEMLab

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Chemistry

Honors Chemistry B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors Chemistry A

Description:
Visual learning, hands-on exercises, and independent research help reinforce the concepts covered in Honors Chemistry B, which include the properties of matter, solutions, and energy. The more rigorous curriculum includes the exploration of concepts and principles in the fields of electrochemistry, organic chemistry, and nuclear chemistry.

Units:

Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Heat, Energy, and Reactions

Electrochemistry

Organic Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Virtual CHEMLab

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Chemistry

Honors Earth Science A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the first of two courses that comprise Honors Earth Science. This course is designed to prepare the student to confidently enter and complete advanced college-level Earth science courses. The Prentice Hall text, Earth Science, provides the basis for the course content.This course consists of rigorous curriculum that provides students the opportunity to deeply explore Earth science concepts and engage in independent research. The student will conduct hands-on explorations and virtual simulations, which will enhance traditional lesson formats. During this course, the student will identify the branches of Earth science, locate geographic features on topographic maps, conduct hands-on experiments with minerals and rocks, compare and contrast weathering and erosion, explore plate tectonics with relation to earthquakes and volcanoes, and investigate the formation of mountains.

Units:

Introduction to Earth Science

Minerals

Rocks

Earth's Resources

Sculpturing Earth's Surface

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

Plate Tectonics and Other Igneous Activity

Mountain Building

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Prentice Hall Virtual Earth Science

Science Kit:
Goggles, safety
Hand lens
Magnet, bar (set of 2)
Rock and mineral kit, advanced
Streak plate
Thermometers (2)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Earth Science

Honors Earth Science B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This is the second of two courses that comprise Honors Earth Science. This course is designed to prepare the student to confidently enter and complete advanced college-level Earth science courses. The Prentice Hall text, Earth Science, provides the basis for the course content.This course consists of rigorous curriculum that provides students the opportunity to deeply explore Earth science concepts and engage in independent research. The student will conduct hands-on explorations and virtual simulations, which will enhance traditional lesson formats. During this course, the student will explore Earth’s history by studying fossils and rock layers; investigate oceanic productivity and features on the sea floor; learn about atmospheric processes, including the water cycle; infer how severe storms form; study the Earth-moon-sun relationship; and explore other celestial bodies, such as stars.

Units:

Geologic Time and Earth's History

Final Review and Exam

CD/DVD:
Prentice Hall Virtual Earth Science

Science Kit:
Goggles, safety
Thermometers (2)

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Earth Science

Honors Physical Science A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Honors Physical Science A includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills. The course provides an exploration of chemistry concepts, providing students with sufficient understanding of the concepts necessary for continued course work in this subject. The chemistry-focused lessons extend prior knowledge of the properties, states, and structure of matter; explore the dynamics of chemical bonding and reactions; and introduce students to nuclear chemistry.

Units:

Science Skills

In this unit, you will learn the four main concepts that define the field of physical science, and review the purpose and steps of the scientific method. You will review scientific notation, the three temperature scales, and the international system of measurement. You will also learn the difference between precision and accuracy, and why it is important to present scientific data in a clear and appropriate manner.

Properties of Matter

In this unit, you will learn how matter is divided into three classes—elements, compounds, and mixtures—and learn to distinguish between the various types of mixtures. You will learn the difference between physical and chemical properties, and how to identify and describe substances based on those properties. You will also learn how to recognize and describe the evidence that indicates that a physical or chemical change has occurred.

States of Matter

In this unit, you will learn the five states of matter—solid, liquid, gas, plasma, and Bose-Einstein condensate—and how to use the kinetic theory of matter to describe the behavior of matter in each of these states. You will learn how to predict how temperature, volume, and the number of particles affect gas pressure, and how to quantify these effects using Boyle’s, Charles’s, and the combined gas laws. You will also learn the six phase changes that substances undergo, how to use the kinetic theory to explain and describe the effects of temperature on phase change, and how to identify phase changes as endothermic or exothermic.

Atomic Structure

In this unit, you will learn how theories about the structure of the atom have evolved from the time of the ancient Greeks to the present. You will learn to describe the structure and properties of the subatomic particles that make up the atom, and to distinguish between the atomic number of an element and the mass number of an isotope of the element. You will also learn to describe the Bohr model of the atom and explain how the electrons of an atom behave at different energy levels.

The Periodic Table

In this unit, you will learn how Dimitri Mendeleev created the first practical periodic table. You will learn how to read and interpret the information provided in the modern periodic table, and how to distinguish between and identify the properties of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. You will also learn to relate the number of valence electrons of an element to the periodic group in which that element belongs, and to make predictions about the properties of an element based on its periodic group.

Chemical Bonds

In this unit, you will continue to explore the composition of matter and the changes that matter may undergo. Specifically, you will examine electron configurations, compare various types of bonds between like and unlike atoms and molecules, determine chemical formulas for ionic and molecular compounds, and relate the properties of elements to their structures.

Chemical Reactions

In this unit, you will continue to examine how matter interacts and changes. You will have the opportunity to interpret chemical equations, classify chemical reactions, describe the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction, and identify the factors that affect chemical equilibrium. In the final lesson of the unit you will be able to engage in a hands-on experiment in which you will initiate and analyze several chemical reactions.

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

What happens to a bottled carbonated beverage if you shake it before removing its cap? Why does it behave this way? Carbonated beverages are solutions. In this unit, you are going explore the properties of solutions, acids, and bases.

Carbon Chemistry

Most everything that you come in contact with daily such as clothes, food, and plastic products are carbon compounds, or compounds that contain the element carbon.

Throughout this unit you are going to have the opportunity to classify carbon compounds, explore how they form, and learn which types of carbon compounds comprise certain common products. In addition, you will learn about the role that carbon plays in the process of photosynthesis.

Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear radiation can be either helpful or harmful, depending upon how it is used. Although nuclear materials are fairly common, most people do not know what they are or what makes them both beneficial and dangerous.

In this unit, you will learn about the different types of radioactivity and the various changes that nuclear particles may undergo.

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action

Honors Physical Science B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In the second course of Honors Physical Science, students explore concepts in the field of physics, including motion, force, work, power, energy, wave mechanics, electricity, magnetism, optics, and the electromagnetic spectrum. A more rigorous curriculum, hands-on explorations, independent research, and virtual simulations enhance students’ comprehension of key science concepts.

Units:

Motion

Kinematics is the science of describing the motion of objects using words, diagrams, numbers, graphs, and equations. The goal of a scientific study of motion is to develop mental models that enable you to explain the motion of real-world objects.

In this unit, you will explore the causes, characteristics, and implications of motion.

Forces and Motion

When you ride a roller coaster, swing a golf club, or jump on a trampoline you experience the effects of force and motion. Force and motion are closely related concepts; it is difficult to explain one without mentioning the other.

In this unit, you will study force and motion, perform a virtual momentum lab, as well as design a momentum experiment.

Forces in Fluids

Fluid pressure is pertinent in many different industrial fields, including aeronautics (flight of a plane), engineering (hydraulic devices), meteorology (high and low pressure systems), oceanography (increased pressure due to depth), and health care (functioning of the cardiovascular system).

In this unit, you will explore the forces in fluids.

Work, Power, and Machines

For centuries people have been using machines to do work. Although the machines we use today are more sophisticated than the tools used by our ancestors, they operate on some of the same principles.

In this unit, you will learn about two fundamental aspects of physics, force and energy, as you study work, power, and machines.

Energy

The energy around you is continuously changing from one form to another. Although the energy changes form, no energy is created or destroyed. The conservation of energy is a principle law of physics.In this unit, you will explore the different forms of energy and the different transformations energy may undergo.

Thermal Energy and Heat

Although people often use the terms temperature, heat, and thermal energy interchangeably, theses terms actually describe very different quantities. In this unit, you will compare the three terms and learn how each affects the world around you.

Mechanical Waves and Sound

Waves exist in many different shapes and sizes. While all waves share some basic characteristics and behaviors, some waves can be distinguished from others based on observable properties.

In this unit, you will have the opportunity to compare and analyze mechanical waves and sound.

Electromagnetic Spectrum and Light

The electromagnetic spectrum is something that is far more familiar than you might think. The electromagnetic spectrum includes radio waves, television waves, microwaves, X-rays, and visible light.

In this unit, you will identify and compare the properties and behaviors of different electromagnetic waves.

Optics

Optics is the science of how lenses and mirrors create images. By studying optics, you may better understand how cameras and movie projectors work, how a telescope magnifies objects, and why certain vision impairments exist.

In this unit, you will learn about mirrors, lenses, optical instruments, and vision.

Electricity

Although electricity is an invisible agent, its effects are quite tangible. Electric shocks, static cling, and lightning are all effects of electricity.

In this unit, you will analyze electric charge, static electricity, and current, calculate voltage, current, and resistance, study electric circuits, and learn about electronic devices.

Magnetism

In the same way that electric fields are everywhere, magnetic fields are all around you. Earth has a magnetic field that can be sensed by certain organisms. Even humans have a trace amount of magnetic material in our bodies.

In this unit, you will explore the relationship between electricity and magnetism and analyze the effects of magnets and magnetic fields.

Review and Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action

Physical Science A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Physical Science A provides a basic exploration of chemistry concepts, providing students with sufficient understanding of the concepts necessary for continued course work in this subject. The chemistry-focused lessons extend prior knowledge of the properties, states, and structure of matter; explore the dynamics of chemical bonding and reactions; and introduce students to nuclear chemistry.

Units:

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action

Physical Science B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In the second course of Physical Science, students explore introductory concepts in the field of physics, including motion, force, work, power, energy, wave mechanics, electricity, magnetism, optics, and the electromagnetic spectrum. Hands-on explorations and virtual simulations enhance students’ comprehension of key science concepts.

Units:

Motion

Forces and Motion

Forces in Fluids

Work, Power, and Machines

Energy

Thermal Energy and Heat

Mechanical Waves and Sound

Electromagnetic Spectrum and Light

Electricity

Magnetism

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action

Physics A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 2

Description:
The goal of physics is to describe the physical world using a small number of basic assumptions, concepts, and equations. In this course, emphasis is placed on relating physics to the everyday world. The student will explore the concepts involved with motion in one- and two-dimensions, forces, work and energy, momentum and collisions, circular motion and gravitation. The students will recognize the importance of the laws of thermodynamics.

Approximately 40 percent of the course involves virtual laboratory investigations. Some activities will require ordinary household items such as rulers, meter sticks, balls or marbles, string, paper, and pencils.

Physics A focuses on understanding motion. The student will learn kinematic equations and apply them to various situations. The student will explore forces, work, and energy and apply these concepts in the special case of circular motion. Heat and the laws of thermodynamics are covered.

Units:

Introduction

Welcome to Physics A. This unit introduces the course objectives and explains the grading guidelines for research assignments and laboratory reports. In addition, the unit reviews the scientific method.

Physics and the Laws of Motion

Throughout this unit you will explore the motion of objects. Most of the types of motion described in this unit are likely familiar to you. You will learn about these common types of motion by studying laws of motion, performing calculations, and conducting virtual laboratory experiments.

Energy and Motion

In this unit you will learn about work, energy, and motion. You will study the different kinds of energy that are involved when things move and learn how energy is converted from one form to another during collisions. In addition, you will learn about the forces involved with circular motion and gravitation. You will continue to solve real-world problems and conduct virtual laboratory experiments.

Heat and Thermodynamics

In the previous unit you studied energy. In this unit you will learn about a particular form of energy: heat. Thermodynamics involves understanding how the transfer of heat affects the work done by a system. You will also study the first and second laws of thermodynamics and continue to solve real-world problems and conduct virtual laboratory experiments.

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Holt Physics

Physics B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Algebra 2 and Physics A

Description:
The goal of physics is to describe the physical world using a small number of basic assumptions, concepts, and equations. In this course, emphasis is placed on relating physics to the everyday world. The student will learn the characteristics of waves and describe the behavior of waves with emphasis on light and sound. The student will understand the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Finally, the student will gain a simple understanding of atomic physics.
Approximately 40 percent of the course involves virtual laboratory investigations. Some activities will require ordinary household items such as rulers, meter sticks, balls or marbles, string, paper, and pencils.

Physics B focuses on waves, in particular sound and light. Then the course moves to understanding electricity and magnetism and the relationship between the two. It concludes with a basic exploration of atomic physics.

Units:

Waves

In this unit you will explore the behavior of oscillations and waves. You will study periodic motion, analyze the characteristics of sound and light, and learn how waves transport energy. You will perform virtual labs to investigate the relationship between the length and period of a pendulum, and the correlations among frequency, speed, and amplitude of sound waves.

Electricity

In this unit you will explore the properties of electric charges. You will calculate the electric force produced by point charges, interpret electric field lines, learn how capacitors store electrical energy, and compare series and parallel circuits. You will perform a virtual lab to investigate the relationships between voltage and current and resistance and current. In an interactive discussion with your classmates, you will debate if using hybrid electric vehicles may help to solve some of our energy problems and discuss some of the environmental problems associated with carbon emissions.

Magnetism and Atomic Physics

In this unit you will explore the relationship between electricity and magnetism. You will learn how electromagnets work, analyze the forces exerted on charges in a magnetic field, and study a field of physics known as quantum mechanics, which describes the physics of the particles that make up atoms. You will perform virtual labs to investigate the magnitude of the magnetic fields of solenoids and the relationship between kinetic energy, emitted electrons, and the wavelengths of light.

Final Review and Exam

Textbook (online access):
Holt Physics

American Government A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
An in-depth examination of American government and its fundamental principles and organization, American Government A promotes understanding and participation in government by presenting information in a context relevant to students. Students examine government concepts such as the growth of democracy, federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances. The branches of government—legislative, executive, and judicial—are studied in detail, and activities develop students’ abilities to question, analyze, and evaluate different forms of information.

Units:

Foundations of American Government

In this unit, you will explore the beginnings of government in the United States. You will learn about the political and economic features of American government. You will discover how the American colonies won independence from Great Britain and what models they looked to in creating a new nation. You will study the Constitution, the three branches of government, and the principle of federalism.

The Legislative Branch

In this unit, you will learn about the powers and functions of the legislative branch of the United States government. You will explore the House of Representatives, the Senate, and additional committees and agencies. You will study how Congress works with the president, as well as how new laws are made.

The Executive Branch

In this unit, you will explore the powers and functions of the executive branch of the United States government. You will learn about the responsibilities of the president, vice president, and the cabinet. You will also study the seven major roles of the president and styles of leadership that lead to presidential success. Finally, you will learn about the bureaucratic and civil service systems of the executive branch.

The Judicial Branch

In this unit, you will explore the powers and functions of the judicial branch of the United States government. You will learn about the judicial systems of federal and state courts. You will study the Supreme Court, and learn about how it selects, hears, and decides cases. Finally, you will investigate how the Supreme Court shapes public policy as well as the factors that influence the Court's decisions.

American Government A Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe United States Government

American Government B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The second of two courses, American Government B starts with an overview of the basic rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizens. Students explore constitutional freedoms, citizen requirements, and aspects of American law. Following units examine the participants in government, including the media, political parties, and interest groups. Students learn about local and state government structures, and complete the course with a unit in comparative politics.

Units:

Liberty and Justice for All

In this unit, you will learn about the basic rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizens. You will explore the freedoms granted by the Bill of Rights. You will also study U.S. immigration policy as well as the requirements for U.S. citizenship. Finally, you will learn about aspects of American law, including the concepts of equal protection, privacy, and equal opportunity.

Participating in Government

In this unit, you will explore the different ways in which Americans participate in the political system. You will learn about the role and organization of political parties. In addition, you will study the election process in the U.S. You will also explore the roles and responsibilities of voters, and discover how they influence and are influenced by the political system. Finally, you will learn about the roles of interest groups, public opinion, and the media in American government.

Public Policies and Services

In this unit, you will explore public policies and services of the U.S. government. You will learn about how the government raises and manages money. You will also study the government's policies on business, the environment, public health, education, housing, and transportation. Finally, you will learn about the nation's foreign policy, and how it has changed over time.

State and Local Government

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
AP World History covers 600 C.E. to the present, with an introductory unit on the period from around 8000 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. In the first semester, students will examine patterns of change and the connections between various world cultures. Students will also apply that knowledge to the present as future world citizens.

Textbook:
AP World Civilizations: The Global Experience

AP World History B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of AP World History A

Description:
AP World History covers 600 C.E. to the present, with an introductory unit on the period from around 8000 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. In the second semester, students will continue to examine patterns of change and the connections between various world cultures. Students will also apply that knowledge to the present as future world citizens.

Textbook:
AP World Civilizations: The Global Experience

Economics

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
From the stock market to the intricacies of U.S. monetary policy, Economics explores how modern capitalism and the global economy works, and introduces students to concepts in both macro- and microeconomics. Students learn about supply and demand, labor issues, financial markets, taxes, and international trade.

Units:

Introduction to Economics

In the first unit of Economics, you will be introduced to the basic ideas of economics. You will study scarcity, the factors of production, decision making, and opportunity cost. You will also examine how societies have developed different economic systems to make choices about resource allocation. Finally, you will study the American free enterprise system.

How Markets Work

In this unit, you will study the factors that affect the way markets perform. You will learn about demand, consumer desire for a product, and how it is affected by other economic factors. In addition, you will examine supply and its role in the market. Both supply and demand affect prices, which you will also learn about in this unit. Finally, you will study the four types of market structures and identify their advantages and disadvantages.

Business and Labor

In this unit, you will learn about how the world of work is organized. You will develop an understanding of the types of business organizations, including sole proprietorships, parnerships, and corporations. You will also examine the history and development of organized labor as well as factors that determine wages. Finally, you will learn about trends in the labor force and in wages and benefits.

Money, Banking, and Finance

In this unit, you will learn about money, banking, and finance. You will examine the characteristics of money, the historic role of banks, and trends in banking today. You will also study the world of finance and develop an understanding of savings and investment, including investment options, such as stocks and bonds.

Measuring Economic Performance

In this unit, you will discover how economic performance is measured. You will learn about the calculation and use of gross domestic product and the significance of business cycles. In addition, you will study economic growth and the factors that contribute to it. You will examine the economic challenges of unemployment, inflation, and poverty, and the effect of these challenges on the economy.

Government and the Economy

In this unit, you will learn about the ways the government obtains and spends resources as well as how it intervenes in the economy. You will study taxes and federal spending. You will also learn about fiscal policy and the different ways economists view the role of government in the economy. Finally, you will examine monetary policy, the money creation process, bank regulation, and the role of the Federal Reserve.

The Global Economy

In the final unit of Economics, you will learn about international trade and economic development. You will study reasons why nations trade, barriers to trade, international cooperation, and ways in which trade is measured. Finally, you will study levels of economic development and the changes that are occurring throughout much of the world today.

Economics Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall Economics: Principles in Action

Workbook:
Economics Guided Reading and Review Workbook

Geography

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Students master basic geography skills and principles in this course, which covers major locations, the United States, world economic activity, and understanding and using maps. Students acquire an understanding of multiculturalism and the relationships between people and their environment.

Units:

People and Places

In this unit, you'll gain some background in the origins of geography in order to get a sense of where and how this science began. This brief history will also give you some perspective on just how much our knowledge of geography has changed and grown. Glimpses into the travel journals of Marco Polo and the epic story of Odysseus, among others, reflect how imagination took the wheel when facts could go no further. You'll also follow a timeline of maps, from the Babylonians simplistic clay-tablet world map to the minutely detailed satellite maps of today.

After delving in the beginnings of geography, you will familiarize yourself with the basics of physical geography, a necessary prerequisite to exploring human geography. You will scrutinize the anatomy of our planet, from its interior to its ionosphere. The science of plate tectonics will be introduced, and then you will dive into the topics of oceans and continents. You'll also examine the concepts of the latitude and longitude, hemisphere, equator, and prime meridian. Climate and its effects on human populations.

You will learn what defines human geography and how it is different than physical geography. You will also familiarize yourself with the aspects of study that fall under the umbrella term of human geography, how each in some way is intricately woven into the natural landscape of the planet.

Europe

In this unit, you'll first examine the topographical characteristics of Europe and become acquainted with its flora and fauna (the plants and animals) of the continent, and take a trip in the process. You'll then get an overview of the many nationalities that make up Europe and pay a virtual visit to a selected country, keeping a travel journal of your stay. In the final lesson of the unit, you'll learn about the European Union, a group of 27 (to date) European nations that have made a commitment to work together as one entity to keep peace and grow economically.

Africa

In this unit, you will examine the topographical characteristics of Africa and discover its incredible animals and plants. In the process, you will take a virtual field trip to an African nation to study one of its ecosystems. You will get an overview of the many peoples and tribes that make up Africa and pay a virtual visit to a selected country, keeping a travel journal of your stay. Finally, you will learn about the economic and political climates in Africa, and the efforts being made to include this continent into the globalization movement.

Asia

In Unit 4, you have a lot of ground to cover—millions of miles, in fact. Your virtual trek now takes you to the vast and extraordinarily diverse continent of Asia. Because Asia encompasses vast stretches of the planet, scores of countries, and hundreds of individual cultures, economies, and governments, the first lesson in this unit will include a general introduction to Asia through video clips. Once you have an overview of the region, you will explore its physical geography. In lesson 2, you'll explore the culture of India, in which ancient traditions and religions meet modern technology and lifestyles. China's economic and political identity will be examined in lessons 3 and 4, as this country rides the fast track to becoming a global economic superpower.

North America

In this unit, you will first examine the physical terrain of the continent and become acquainted with its rich biodiversity. You will also have the chance to pay a virtual visit to one of the few mega diverse countries in the world. Then, you will get an overview of the many peoples and cultures that make up North America and take another virtual trip to a selected country, keeping a travel journal of your stay. In the final lesson of the unit, you will learn about the political and economical landscape of this continent's major players and take a look at the economic phenomenon of free trade agreements, in particular, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).If you are from North America, this unit gives you the grand tour of your own backyard. If you are from another part of the world, it may provide a rich and informative guide to this amazing continent.

South America

With this unit, you arrive on the next continent in your whirlwind virtual world tour: South America. Like all the other continents you've studied thus far, South America has its own character, both physically and culturally. Its culture is similar to that of Central America, but with a stronger Latin influence. Even with all the cultural diversity found throughout this continent's 13 nations, the Latin flavor is ever present.

For starters, you'll take a look at the physical features of South America, which presents a varied landscape and holds several "world's no. 1" titles in the physical geography hall of fame (longest mountain range, biggest river, to name two). In the first lesson, you'll also take a little excursion off the coast of Ecuador to discover the weird and wonderful flora and fauna of the Galapagos Islands. In Lesson 2, you will learn how the story of the Spanish invasion of Mexico and Central America was continued into South America, and how its effects are evident in today's South American culture. Yet the continent has attracted an ethnic rainbow of people from throughout the world, and you'll discover how these immigrants have adapted while still maintaining their cultural identities. For the unit's final lessons, you will review the frequently changing political scene in South America and learn how South America, too, is working to facilitate economic growth

Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands

In this unit, you will study the final region in your virtual world tour: Oceania. You will learn more about its diverse and beautiful physical geography, as well as the diversity of cultures that have shaped Oceania's history. You will examine Australia, New Zealand, and some of the Pacific Island nations of Oceania.

Current Issues

In Unit 8, you will gain an understanding of the characteristics of populations, including how they are distributed over the land, what spurs populations to grow, and the stages of growth—known as demographic transition. You will then study the topic of overpopulation, learn about exponential growth, and learn the world’s population— 6.6 billion. As well, you will explore the causes and consequences of human overpopulation. In lessons 3 and 4, you will delve into what is arguably the most dire environmental issue we face—global warming. You will examine such questions as how did this phenomenon happen. Then you will be introduced to possible ways to mitigate this predicament while exploring what sustainability entails.

Final Review and Exam

Honors American Government A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
A rigorous, in-depth examination of American government and its fundamental principles and organization, Honors American Government A promotes understanding and participation in government by presenting information in a context relevant to students. Students examine government concepts such as the growth of democracy, federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances. The branches of government—legislative, executive, and judicial—are studied in detail, and activities develop students’ critical thinking skills, including the ability to question, analyze, and evaluate different forms of information.

Units:

Foundations of American Government

The Legislative Branch

The Executive Branch

The Judicial Branch

Honors American Government A Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe United States Government

Honors American Government B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors American Government A

Description:
The second of two courses, Honors American Government B starts with an overview of the basic rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizens. Students explore constitutional freedoms, citizen requirements, and aspects of American law. Following units examine the participants in government, including the media, political parties, and interest groups. Students learn about local and state government structures, and complete the course with a unit in comparative politics. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Liberty and Justice for All

In this unit, you will learn about the basic rights and responsibilities of U.S. citizens. You will explore freedoms granted by the Bill of Rights. You will also study U.S. immigration policy as well as the requirements for U.S. citizenship. Finally, you will learn about aspects of American law, including the concepts of equal protection, privacy, and equal opportunity.

Participating in Government

Public Policies and Services

State and Local Government

Political and Economic Systems

Honors American Government B Final

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe United States Government

Honors United States History A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The first of two courses, Honors United States History A follows the significant developments in America’s past. This Honors level course includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills. Students explore the growth of American society from early settlement to colonization to the emergence of America as an independent nation. The causes and aftermath of the Civil War are discussed, as is America’s involvement in World War I. American geography and its impact on the nation’s history, as well as American government, are also studied.

Units:

Beginnings to 1861

In this unit, you will explore the origins of American society by tracing the course and consequences of the settlement and colonization of North America. You will examine the path colonists took to establish independence from British rule, and you will discover the challenges that Americans faced as they attempted to build a new nation. This unit concludes with the events that led to a divided land and culminated in the Civil War.

Building a Powerful Nation

In this unit, you will examine one of the most pivotal periods in American History when America experienced a Civil War, westward expansion, industrial growth, and massive immigration. You will trace the course and consequences of the Civil War and the Reconstruction period. As you delve into the revolutionary era of industrial and geographic expansion, you will discover the events that shaped a new American identity, while laying the foundation for the rapid growth and innovation that characterized the beginning of the twentieth century.

The United States on the Brink of Change 1890-1920

In this unit, you will cover the events that established the United States as a world power. As you explore this unit, you will gain insight into the circumstances that shaped U.S. foreign policy and global relations. This unit also traces the causes and effects of reform movements that developed to improve American society. Finally, you will examine the events that led to the Great War (World War I).

Honors United States History A Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall America: Pathways to the Present

Honors United States History B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors United States History A

Description:
In this second course, students in Honors United States History B start with social and economic whirlwinds of the Roaring Twenties and the subsequent Great Depression. Students examine World War II, the Cold War, and the turmoil and societal changes in the 1960s and 1970s. Throughout their studies, geography and government concepts are introduced and discussed. The final unit follows America’s history from Watergate to present day. A more rigorous curriculum is complemented by greater opportunities for students to explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Units:

Boom Times to Hard Times (1920-1941)

Between the world wars, Americans experienced profound social and economic change. “The Roaring Twenties” was a time of cultural and social advancement as well as economic prosperity. Yet the nation was also plagued with racial tension and the economic boom times would soon end in the Great Depression. Americans endured these hardships and ultimately grew stronger as a result. The federal government took on a new role in the lives of average citizens as it stepped in to lift Americans out of the Depression.

Hot and Cold War (1931 - 1960)

World War II changed the lives of citizens around the world. The United States had fought against totalitarianism and to preserve democracy. On the home front, Americans sacrificed daily comforts to aid the war effort. As the world recovered from the war, a new threat in the form of the Communist Soviet Union emerged. Though allies during the war, the United States and Soviet Union could no longer contain their differences. The two superpowers entered a decades-long conflict of hostility, fear, and suspicion called the Cold War. The United States was consumed with containing the spread of communism both at home and abroad.

A Period of Turmoil and Change (1950-1975)

Between 1950 and 1975 the United States experienced unprecedented social change. African Americans demanded equal civil rights. A nation-wide Civil Rights Movement emerged in which a wide variety of Americans participated and challenged the nation’s social and legal traditions. Many of these same citizens later protested the United States’ actions in the Vietnam War, which was fought in southeast Asia to contain the spread of communism. The war in Vietnam dramatically changed the relationship between citizens and their government. The assassinations of civil rights leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X and President Kennedy symbolize the tumultuous 1960s. Yet by demanding change, Americans achieved many positive results that are still recognized today.

Continuity and Change (1969 to the Present)

Richard Nixon was the first President to resign and his Watergate Scandal further strained Americans’ trust in the government. During the Ford and Carter administrations, these stresses were exacerbated by and combined with economic crisis. Americans elected Ronald Reagan in 1980, hoping he would bring new life to the nation. His two terms were succeeded by President George H.W. Bush, who presided over the nation during the Persian Gulf War of 1991. During Bill Clinton’s two-term presidency, Americans enjoyed economic prosperity and social progress once again. George W. Bush became the 43rd president following the controversial 2000 election and was narrowly reelected in 2004.

Honors United States History B Final

Textbook (online access):
Prentice Hall America: Pathways to the Present

Honors World History A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Honors World History A includes more rigorous curriculum and greater opportunities for students to explore concepts, engage in independent research, and demonstrate critical thinking skills. Comprehensive in scope, the course begins with a review of ancient civilizations, and then moves through the emergence of modern nation-states, concluding with the Napoleonic Wars. Primary source documents bring the past to life, introducing students to people and cultures across the world and across time.

Units:

Reading and Writing for History

In this unit, you will practice skills that will make you a better historian. You will hone your critical reading skills and develop a process for preparing and writing a research paper. Finally, you will learn how to identify reliable research sources and avoid committing plagiarism.

Geography and History

In this unit, you will learn about the relationship between geography and historic events. You will learn more about the purpose and uses of globes and maps and examine the themes and elements associated with the study of geography.

The World Before Modern Times

In this unit, you will learn about the emergence of civilizations from prehistory to about 1500. You will study ancient societies of Western Asia, Egypt, India, and China. You will also examine the contributions of the Greek, Roman, Arab, African, and Asian empires to world history. Finally, your study of ancient American civilizations will conclude the first unit of the course.

The Early Modern World - Part I

In this unit, you will learn about world cultures between 1400 and 1800. You will study the Renaissance and its impact on people's interpretation of the world around them. In addition, you will explore the role of religion and study the effect of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. You will also look at various societies' explorations around the globe. Finally, you will examine social and political struggles in Europe between 1550 and 1715.

The Early Modern World - Part II

In this unit, you will continue to study the contributions of world cultures between 1400 and 1815. You will examine the expansion of Muslim Empires throughout the world and the impact of the religion of Islam. Additionally, you will learn about cultures of the East Asian world, including China, Japan, and Korea. You will also examine the causes and effects of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment and study their impact on the American colonies. You will conclude World History A by learning about the French Revolution and its consequences, as well as studying the contributions of Napoleon.

Honors World History A Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe World History: Modern Times

Workbook:
World History Active Reading Note-Taking Guide

Honors World History B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Honors World History A

Description:
The second of two courses, Honors World History B starts with the Industrial Revolution and the social and technological changes that swept across Europe and North America. The advances and turmoil of the 20^th century are studied in depth, and the course ends with the opportunities and challenges of today’s global networked society. A more rigorous curriculum and independent research opportunities allow for an in-depth exploration of concepts and the development of critical thinking skills.

Units:

An Era of European Imperialism

In this unit, you will explore the causes and effects of European Imperialism between 1800 and 1914. You will examine how industrialization and nationalism influenced empire-building around the globe. In addition, you will learn about European colonies in Southeast Asia, Africa, India, and Latin America, and consider the consequences of imperialism on indigenous peoples. Finally, you will study social and political challenges in China and Japan in the 19^th and early 20^th centuries.

The Twentieth Century Crisis

In this unit, you will study social, political, and military struggles throughout the world between 1914 and 1945. You will examine the causes and effects of World War I, and study how the outcome of that world laid the foundation for a second world war. Additionally, you will study world cultural trends between the world wars. You will also explore the role of nationalism in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Finally, you will learn about the reasons for and consequences of World War II.

Toward a Global Civilization

In this final unit of World History, you will learn about developments throughout the world between 1945 and the present. You will examine the causes and consequences of the Cold War and trace the influence of communism throughout the postwar world. You will also learn about the emergence of new economies and independent nations in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Finally, you will consider the challenges facing the global civilization and how nations try to achieve peace.

Honors World History B Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe World History: Modern Times

Workbook:
World History Active Reading Note-Taking Guide

Personal Finance

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Through real-world applications and clear, engaging lessons, Personal Finance prepares students for making sound financial decisions. Exercises illustrate the influence of economics in daily life and how financial decisions made today affect the future.

Units:

Money Management and Career Planning

In the first unit of Personal Finance, you will define personal financial planning, and explore the six steps of financial planning. You will also identify economic factors that affect personal financial decisions and explain how opportunity costs are associated with personal financial decisions. Finally, you will identify strategies for achieving financial goals at different stages of life.

Taxes, Retirement, and Health Insurance

In Unit 2 of Personal Finance, you will learn to identify the personal issues to consider when choosing and planning your career. You will also understand how education and training affect career advancement. You will study tax strategies, insurance and risk management, health insurance and financial planning, and culminate with a discussion of retirement planning.

Consumer Credit and Investing

In this unit, you will identify different types of financial services, and calculate the cost and benefits of different savings plans. You will study how to build and protect your credit rating. You will discuss ways to obtain funds for investing and identify the factors that affect their investment choices. You will also identify the main types of savings and investment alternatives and explain the steps involved in developing a personal investment plan. As you explore your own personal plan, you will identify sources of financial information.

Starting a Business

In this unit, you will study the three essential types of business arrangements, namely sole proprietorship, general and limited partners, and types of corporations. As you study how to form a corporation and explore its advantages and disadvantages, you will consider the broader concern of financial management for a business. As the lessons progress, you will formulate a business plan and explain its components. Similarly, you will describe the aspects of a financial plan and explain the importance of accounting in financial management. Finally, you will explore the primary functions of accounting.

Operating your Business

In this unit, you will be defining terms such as: start-up costs, operating costs, and reserve funds, and you will show how this is related to entrepreneurship. You will also identify sources of personal and private financing, and discuss the options available through bank funding. Additionally, you will examine the role of accounting and record keeping. Finally, you will explore the nuances of accounting, and you will apply this analysis to how businesses run from their inception to their perpetuation and growth.

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of World History A

Description:
The second of two courses, World History B starts with the Industrial Revolution and the social and technological changes that swept across Europe and North America. The advances and turmoil of the 20^th century are studied in depth, and the course ends with the opportunities and challenges of today’s global networked society.

Units:

An Era of European Imperialism

The Twentieth Century Crisis

Toward a Global Civilization

World History B Final Exam

Textbook (online access):
Glencoe World History: Modern Times

Workbook:
World History Active Reading Note-Taking Guide

Elective Courses

Career Technical
Health and PE
Humanities
Independent Study
- Independent Study - General
Language Arts
Other
- Driver's Education
Science
- Environmental Science A
- Environmental Science B
Social Studies
Technology

Career Exploration

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
From writing an effective resumé to giving the perfect interview and succeeding at a chosen career, this course introduces students to a broad scope of future career opportunities and outlines steps to ensure success. Students start planning their transition from secondary school to college to the workplace.

Units:

Career Exploration Introduction

Knowing the Plan

Getting to Know Yourself

Knowing What You Want

Getting to Know the Job Market

Getting Ready for a Career

Getting a Job

Keeping Your Career Going

College Prep with ACT

Grades: 11

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course will help the student navigate through the ACT's Online Test Preparation Web site, access two full ACT practice tests, and learn the necessary skills in order to take the ACT test. This course also includes several lessons on other critical aspects of preparing for college, including developing a college resume, writing effective personal essays, and requesting letters of recommendation. This course is intended to prepare the student to take the ACT test. As the student works through the course, he will focus on learning more about his strengths and weaknesses as well as learn test-taking strategies that are specific to the ACT test. That way, when the student takes the actual test, the scores will be a good representation of the student's abilities.

Finally, the student will submit a Personal Improvement Plan, which will reflect the areas for improvement that the student has identified throughout this course.

Units:

College Prep with ACT

This course will help you navigate through the ACT's Online Test Preparation Web site, access two full ACT practice tests, and learn the necessary skills in order to be prepared to take the ACT test. This course also includes several lessons on other critical aspects of preparing for college, including developing a college resume, writing effective personal essays, and requesting letters of recommendation.

This course is intended to prepare you for the ACT test. As you move through the course, you should focus on learning more about your strengths and weaknesses as well as specific test-taking strategies for the ACT test. When you take the actual test, your scores will be a good representation of your abilities.

College Prep with SAT

Grades: 11

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course will help the student navigate through the Official SAT Online Course™, access two full SAT practice tests and multiple practice quizzes, and learn the necessary skills in order to be well-prepared to take the SAT test. This course also includes several lessons on other critical aspects of preparing for college, including developing the college resume, writing effective personal essays, and requesting letters of recommendation. This course is intended to prepare the student to take the SAT test. As the student works through the course, he will focus on learning more about his strengths and weaknesses as well as learn test-taking strategies that are specific to the SAT test. That way, when the student takes the actual test, the scores will be a good representation of the student's abilities.

Finally, the student will submit a Personal Improvement Plan, which will reflect the areas for improvement that the student has identified throughout this course.

Units:

College Prep with SAT

This course will help you navigate through the Official SAT Online Course^TMWeb site, access SAT practice tests, and learn the necessary skills in order to be prepared to take the to take the SAT test. This course also includes several lessons on other critical aspects of preparing for college, including developing a college resume, writing effective personal essays, and requesting letters of recommendation.

This course is intended to prepare you for the SAT test. As you move through the course, you should focus on learning more about your strengths and weaknesses as well as specific test-taking strategies for the SAT test. When you take the actual test, your scores will be a good representation of your abilities.

Health, Fitness, and Nutrition A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The benefits of nutrition and exercise are among the many health-related topics covered in this course. Students gain awareness of their own fitness level and nutritional needs through the study of the body’s musculature and respiratory system.

Units:

Unit 1

In this unit, you will learn about the different aspects of being fit and why these aspects are important. You will also learn factors that determine fitness but are out of your control. Various tests, components, and guidelines for exercise, joints, flexibility, stretching, and the mind-body connection are covered.

Unit 2

In this unit, you will study the anatomy of the heart and its relation to exercise and muscle strengthening. Aerobic training and the importance of training properly will also be discussed. You will discover why developing positive exercise habits at young age will help increase longevity and quality of life.

Final Exam

Health, Fitness, and Nutrition B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Health, Fitness, and Nutrition A

Description:
In the second of two courses, students learn first aid, personal wellness, and the dangers of alcohol and drug use. Students learn how to adopt long-term, healthy habits and lifestyle changes to improve and inspire an overall state of well being. Students also explore how fitness can influence self image and how to develop social strategies to understand peer pressure.

Units:

Unit 1

Students will begin to explore the causes of obesity and the steps to prevent obesity and other diseases that arise from a sedentary lifestyle. You will learn about weight control and the different types of diets that are common today. You will also be able to detemine which diets can and cannot work. Stress and stress management will also be explored in this unit.

Unit 2

In this unit, you will learn about first aid, personal wellness, and the dangers of alcohol and drug use. Students will discover myths that surround exercise and identify ways to prevent injury while exercising. You will also explore how fitness can influence self image and how to develop and design a personal exercise program.

Final Exam

Personal Fitness

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The lessons in Personal Fitness help students gain an understanding of the proper ways to exercise and diet, as well as learn how to assess their own fitness level. The course also teaches strategies to attain the highest possible fitness level.

Units:

Fitness Awareness and Understanding

In this unit, you will learn about the importance of fitness and be able to describe your fitness level. Topics covered include the five health-related factors and the six skill-related factors. You'll be able to define and perform a series of fitness tests to evaluate a) cardiovascular fitness, b) body composition measurements, and c) body fat evaluation.You will also be able to explain the principles of overload, progression, and specificity. With this knowledge, you will learn how to plan your own exercise sessions, including the warm-up and cool down.Flexibility, the different kinds of joints, and how to apply principles to flexibility will also be covered.

Cardiovascular Fitness

In this unit, you will be able to define cardiovascular fitness, describe the functioning of the cardiovascular system, and will be familiar with the major structural features of the heart. You will learn about blood presure, the respiratory process, features of the lungs, benefits of aerobic exercise, the types of muscle fibers, how to deveop cardiovascular fitness and muscular strength and endurance, oxygen transport, how blood is carried, and body fat.

Nutrition

You will learn about the best food sources for the six major nutrients as well as the basic food groups to optimize your health benefits. Sports nutrition myths are debunked. Other topics include: hydration, weight control, fad diets, eating disorders, and the effect of stress.

Designing Your Personal Exercise Program

You will learn about common exercises and how to avoid injuries. You will learn how to track your progress and as well as how to reach specific goals. This program design will improve a) cardiovascular endurance, b) muscular strength and endurance, and c) promote positive changes in flexibility.

Physical Education

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course places priority on self-motivated physical activities that students can participate in throughout life. Students’ proficiency in the activities most important for personal development are measured with written assignments, class evaluations, and demonstrated physical skill competencies.

Units:

Fitness

You will learn about the mechanics of several muscle specific stretches, the benefit of cardiovascular fitness, self-evaulations of personal fitness level, and proper technique and spotting for safe weight lifting.

Team Sports

In this unit, you will learn the rules and regulations of various team sports, including basketball, volleyball, softball, baseball, and soccer. You will also acquire the skills that accompany these activities.

Individual Sports

You will learn various activities that can be performed on your own that promote lifelong fitness. Included in the unit are lessons on hiking, swimming, and running, among other activities. You will gain an appreciation for fitness and how it contributes to a higher quality of life.

AP Art History A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course teaches students how to analyze and understand architecture, sculpture, painting, and other art forms, while placing them in their proper historical and cultural contexts. In the first semester, students will also examine such issues as patronage, gender, and the functions of various art works. While this course was designed to meet the requirements of the Advanced Placement Art History Exam, previous art experience is not required, and students need not be future art history majors to enroll.

Textbook:
Gardner's Art Through the Ages

AP Art History B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

This unit offers a foundation of the elements and principles of art and the knowledge of what to look for when the student critiques and explores various works of art. Creating art is an important part of experiencing life. It allows the student the opportunity to express himself in a unique form. It forces the student to seek out new ways to convey his thoughts and feelings to others. Studying the art that has been created by others helps the student to understand the thoughts and feelings that motivated them to create. It opens the student's mind to the similarities and differences among cultures and societies.

Art at the Start: Early Civilization

Prehistoric Expression and Early Art and Architecture of the Fertile Crescent

This unit explores Prehistoric art as well as the art and architecture of the civilizations of the fertile crescent.

Historians usually consider works of art to be prehistoric if they were produced more than 5,000 years ago. This is the case with the works you will study in this unit. However, it is important to note that not all societies and cultures developed at the same time in history.

You will study the Sumerians who were responsible for the first forms of writing, law, a complex economy, irrigation methods, and singular expressions of art and architecture. The visual arts of the Sumerians were so influential that their legacy carried on in the cultures that followed: those of the Assyrians, the Babylonians, and the neo-Babylonians.

Egypt: Art on the Nile

Images of ancient Egypt abound in our imagination. The great treasures of the ancient world, such as the pyramids and the Sphinx, are instantly recognizable. In this particular unit, the student will begin by familiarizing himself with the geography and history of ancient Egypt. Then, the student will build a foundation of knowledge by getting an overview of the ancient art and architecture of this amazing civilization through the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.

Final Review and Exam

Art History B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of History A

Description:
In Art History B, students embark on a journey of discovery examining the artistic endeavors of early Western civilizations. Students use art theory to analyze works from ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Students gain an enhanced understanding of ancient history, as well as how art is both a reflection and engine of history.

Units:

Greece: Gods and Glory

In this unit, you will discover the world of Ancient Greece and the many wonders that have stemmed from this civilization. Ancient Greece is such an integral part of our modern view of the world that we see the evidence nearly everywhere we look, in our institutions and civil organizations as well as behind our ideas about beauty in art and architecture. The distinguishing periods of the ancient Greek civilization: the Archaic, the Classical, and the Hellenistic, will also be explored.

You will also look at the architecture of Ancient Greece and understand how its different styles reflect the different periods of ancient Greek history. You will explore the individual buildings and temples of Ancient Greece, namely those found on the Acropolis, the "sacred hill."

In the last lesson of the unit, the history and beauty of Greek pottery will be explored. More than mere containers, the vases, amphorae, and other ceramics of this culture were beautiful objects that often told stories, myths, and legends on their painted surfaces.

Ancient Rome: Art of an Empire

Unit 2 embarks on a journey toward understanding life and artistic developments in ancient Rome. Early Rome, during the Roman republic, sheds light on a driving desire for territorial expansion, military initiatives, an advantageous geographical position, and views on citizenship. These topics set the stage for a gaining a deeper insight into the people, culture, and artistic legacy of ancient Rome. You will learn that Roman portrait sculptures not only serve as beautiful art pieces, but also serve as models for learning artistic influences from other societies, individualized national innovation, and esteemed ideals and perspectives. The concluding lessons on Roman architecture will demonstrate Roman ingenuity in its purest and highest manifestation.

Final Review and Exam

Digital Photography

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
A digital camera is required for this course.

Description:
This course contains lessons in digital photography and graphic design. Students learn general photographic concepts and composition skills, elements of graphic design, and digital image-editing and special effects techniques. Students are introduced to the fields of photography, advertising, and illustration as possible career choices.

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Through discussion and language-building activities, students learn to speak, read, write and understand basic German. Simple grammar, punctuation, and spelling are reinforced through a host of interactive lessons, games, and activities. Cultural information is also presented, providing students an understanding of the history and influence of the German language.

German I B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of German I A

Description:
In this second of two courses, German I B students learn to speak, read, write and understand basic German. Simple grammar, punctuation, and spelling are reinforced through a host of interactive lessons, games, and activities. Cultural information is also presented, providing students an understanding of the history and influence of the German language.

German II A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of German I

Description:
Designed for students with a grasp on elementary-level German, the German II A and B courses introduce increasingly complex vocabulary and grammar, emphasizing oral communication and listening comprehension.

German II B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of German II A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Through various listening, speaking, and writing exercises, students in Latin I A learn the basics of this classic language. Audio presentations allow students to build their vocabulary comprehension level, master simple sentence and paragraph construction, and improve their oral skills.

Latin I B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Latin I A

Description:
The second of two courses, Latin I B continues the study of this classic language through various listening, speaking, and writing exercises. Audio presentations allow students to build their vocabulary comprehension, master simple sentence and paragraph construction, and improve their oral skills.

Latin II A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Latin I

Description:
Continuing to build on the foundation built in Latin I, students in Latin II A increase their knowledge of vocabulary and grammar and engage in increasingly complex conversations and narrative writing. The meaningful applications of word study are also emphasized.

Latin II B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Latin II A

Description:
Latin II B continues to build students’ comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar skills. Increasingly complex conversations and narrative writing are introduced, and the meaningful applications of word study are also emphasized.

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Students take a musical journey through time as they explore the major styles, influences, and personalities that shaped Western culture’s musical landscape. Students study music and culture from the classical, Renaissance, and baroque periods, as well as modern, 20th century, and contemporary music.

Units:

Music Elements

Music Time Periods

Musical Instruments

Listening

Sign Language

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In this course, students are introduced to the fundamental concepts of American Sign Language. Students explore vocabulary, grammar, and conversational skills using basic signing and fingerspelling techniques, and are exposed to activities and exercises that help them understand the culture of deaf and hard-of-hearing people.

Units:

Intro

In this unit, your student will be introduced to American Sign Language, or ASL. He will study the history of ASL and learn how it became the standard language for deaf and hard of hearing people in North America. He will also learn about some of the accepted rules of etiquette in Deaf culture. This introductory unit also teaches your student how to sign the letters of the alphabet and the mechanics of fingerspelling.

Numbers

This unit introduces the signing of numbers. Your student will learn how to sign numbers 1–100, as well as the signs for dollars and cents. A variety of fun activities give your student a chance to practice using ASL to discuss counting and using money.

Time

In this unit, your student will study various aspects of time. Not only will he learn how to communicate time using ASL, he will also learn the signs for the 7 days of the week and the 12 months of the year. The signs for various holidays as well as the four seasons are also taught in this unit.

Nouns

Your student will learn the signs for some commonly used nouns and pronouns. She will also be introduced to the ASL concepts of Indexing, Agency, and Nonmanual Markers. Combining these new concepts and the signs your student has learned will expand her growing library of American Sign Language knowledge.

Descriptions

This unit will teach your student how to sign various descriptions using American Sign Language. He will learn how to sign comparative adjectives and show comparison between two or more nouns or pronouns. Also, he will learn the signs for descriptive words that express size, shape, possession, color, and location. In addition, he will combine some previously taught signs for numbers, time, and nouns, with descriptive signs taught in this unit.

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Students who are highly talented or interested in a particular subject area may choose to design their own independent study course. Students submit proposals for independent study to the school counselor for prior approval. Working under the guidance of the learning coach, the school counselor or teacher, and an adult considered to be an expert in the field, the student documents the number of hours spent on the project, the work and activities completed, and submits a final project to earn credit. Note: Independent study is not intended to grant academic credit for normal extracurricular high school activities, but is intended for students who want to deepen their knowledge in a particular field of study.

Journalism A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
From examining the guidelines of proper journalism to firsthand practice in writing news, sports, and feature articles, students experience the media writing process and how it applies to today’s world of journalism. In Journalism A, students review the guidelines for good journalism and learn the elements of news, feature, and sports writing.

Units:

The Guidelines of Good Journalism

This unit introduces the guidelines for good journalism. In addition, you learn how to manage time and research so that publication deadlines are met on time. More importantly, you will learn about the legal issues that are important to avoid when using sources and information. To avoid these problems, skills such as summarizing, paraphrasing and attributing sources are practiced.

Learning the Process

This unit provides you with the skills and applications for mastering the process of writing a story for publication. You will learn to use a variety of sources to brainstorm for story ideas and sources as well as develop some strategies for designing and implementing surveys and interviews to provide primary sources for your stories. Overall, by the completion of this unit, you will be prepared to be a well-informed, efficient, and effective reporter.

News Writing

Within each lesson of this unit, you apply the process of thinking about stories, writing, brainstorming for ideas and sources, researching sources, drafting the first versions, copyediting, and writing the final stories. Each type of reporting has its own unique organization and writing style. To provide audience interest in your story, you may use published data, statistics, and survey results, as well as your own interviews and surveys.

Sports Writing

Whether or you are personally involved in a specific sport, you will find so many interesting topics to write about. If you are not interested in sports, you still have the ability to write about them. At the heart of all journalism is a similar set of skills that can be used to write about a football game, a bank robbery, a new film, or a tax bill. First, you will learn the criteria of sports reporting. Once you understand the criteria, story ideas are developed.

Feature Writing

In this unit, you use interviews and surveys for primary sources by using observations of an event or setting , including "on-the-spot" interviews.
One of the best ways to make a feature story come to life is through photographs of the places and events covered, so if you are handy with a camera, you will be asked to start thinking about a story idea and looking for good photo opportunities.

Journalism A Review and Final Exam

Journalism B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Journalism A

Description:
The second course in Journalism reviews the evolution of journalism and its role in today’s world. Students learn critical writing (reviews) as well as the steps for crafting editorials. The final unit introduces students to the basics in media design, including topics in multimedia presentation.

Units:

Evolution in Journalism

In this unit, you will understand the evolution of competitive journalism by analyzing the motives of William Randolph Hearst. You will explain how yellow journalism shaped the Spanish-American War. Later in this unit, you will define media and identify ways media changed in the 20th Century, including how television affected the habits and opinions of the American family. You will learn how new forms of media have changed journalism and analyze how the Internet has impacted the power of media.

Journalism in the World Today

In this unit, you will examine the reciprocal effect that media have on political and international events. It might be said that a successful global community hinges on fair and accurate reporting. Communication among people of the world is dependent on the commitment and honesty of its journalists. When those factors are missing, communication breaks down.

Review Writing

In this unit, you will conduct evaluations of the two products or services about which you will write. Time-management is important for setting up surveys or interviews, so make sure you have enough time to gather the information and determine your opinion. For most students, review writing is a rewarding and enjoyable endeavor!

Opinion Writing (Op-eds)

In this unit, you have the opportunity to express your opinion on a variety of topics of your choice. The first two lessons will give you lots of ideas and links for forming an opinion about a written opinion or even creating your own opinion cartoon.

Copy and Design

In this unit you will learn some of the criteria for being an editor. You will learn more about the roles of the various editorial positions and what each entails. You will also consider the importance of honing your grammar and writing skills, and you will spend time practicing each. Finally, you will learn about writing good headlines.

Journalism B Final Exam and Review

Speech and Debate

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In this course, students learn how to apply visuals, style, stories, organization, and nonverbal communication to speeches. Students will learn tactics to help overcome fear, participate in debates, and rehearse effectively. Students will also learn how to evaluate great speeches from history as well as more modern media messages.

Units:

Style and Nonverbal Communication

Fear of Public Speaking

Organizing a Presentation

Making Presentations Memorable

Using Visuals

Debate and Persuasion

Great Speeches in History

Media Communication

Preparation, Rehearsal and Continual Improvement

Final Exam

Speech and Debate

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Driver's Education

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
This course is a foundation of theory for responsible driving. Emphasis is placed upon mechanics of driving, execution of driving operations and rules of safe driving.

Units:

Driving, Mobility, and Laws

Some of the most important things you need to learn to become a good driver are the fundamentals of the road. In this unit you will learn about driving responsibly, how to interact with others on the road, and how to minimize the risks of injury or damage to your vehicle.

You will also learn about the highway transportation system (HTS) and how the use of the HTS improves mobility for goods and people.

Basic Vehicle Control

Driving is more than starting up the car and going. In this unit, you will learn the foundations for basic vehicle control. Comfort and control systems, devices for visibility and protection, and information and communication systems will be explained in this lesson. You will also learn how to shift gears, steer, and control the speed of your vehicle. Finally, you will gain knowledge about how to safely execute basic maneuvers and develop good driving habits.

Foundations of Effective Driving

In order to someday become that “good driver” we referred to earlier, you must have an understanding of the foundations of effective driving. These skills include searching, giving meaning to what you have sensed, developing options, and responding in a safe and appropriate manner. In simpler terms this means that you will search the roadway ahead looking for possible things that may interfere with your path of travel. You will then predict if they will be a problem. Then you will decide what actions to take to manage them. And finally, you will carry out the actions such as steering, using your brakes, or accelerating. In Unit 3 of this course, you will learn the skills needed to establish these foundations of effective driving.

Applying Effective Driving

In this unit, you will learn how to apply driving techniques such as accelerating, steering, and braking which you learned about in previous lessons. You will consider various environmental situations and how they may affect the way you apply these techniques.Now that you know the meanings of road signs and how to control the vehicle, you will see how this knowledge can apply as you learn about driving through different types of situations. This lesson will help you realize that, as you drive, you are not only dealing with other vehicles, but you are also dealing with pedestrians, cyclists, and animals. You will want to know how to handle these situations so that you can safely share the road with others.Knowing how to handle any situation will allow you to become a responsible driver. This unit will help you apply the foundations learned in previous units.

Challenges to Vehicle Control

Not even the best of drivers can control every driving situation they encounter. Environmental conditions can challenge how much control you have over a vehicle. Natural laws of nature affect how a vehicle stops and moves. You will need to know what actions to take to counteract these situations. In addition, your ability to see and stop can be affected by changing weather, road, environmental, and driving conditions. You need to be comfortable with ways to respond to these changes.You often cannot predict vehicle malfunctions. Instead, you must be prepared to cope with challenging circumstances. And finally, you need to be prepared to handle your vehicle to compensate for the unsafe actions of other drivers. In this lesson, you will learn ways that you can cope with and adjust to the many challenges you may encounter within the driving environment.

Driving Readiness

A good driver must be physically, psychologically, socially, and emotionally ready for the challenges of driving. Impairment in any of these areas poses a major problem when driving. Impairment may be as simple as being tired. Illness, injury, chronic disease, and emotions can also play a part in driver impairment. These forms of impairment as well as alcohol, drug, peer pressure, and vehicular problems, can all lead to dangerous situations.

Final Exam

In this unit you will complete your final exam for Driver's Education. You will be required to recall the foundations of driving that you have learned throughout this course.

Textbook:
Responsible Driving

Environmental Science A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Environmental Science A offers students the opportunity to understand the concepts fundamental to ecology and measures to prevent damage to the environment. Lessons in the A course review the scientific method, discuss biodiversity, and review earth processes, including the rain and carbon cycles. Students take a detailed look at the various types of pollution and study how to safeguard resources.

Units:

The Methods and Nature of Environmental Science

Welcome to environmental science, the study of the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including their effects on all types of organisms. In this opening unit you will learn about the job of an environmentalist, review the scientific method, and explore how organisms are classified.

Earth's Processes

Several natural processes and cycles affect organisms that inhabit the Earth. In this unit, you will learn about such phenomena as you analyze the water and carbon cycles, examine the greenhouse effect, and explore causes of air, water, and food chain pollution.

Final Review and Exam

Environmental Science B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In the second course of Environmental Science, students learn about environmental programs and policies, including waste management and conservation. Students study the effect of environmental organizations as well as government agencies charged with protecting the environment. The final unit examines technology and its impact on the environment; topics include energy production, modern agriculture, and public land management.

Units:

Environmental Science Programs and Policies

The United States has several agencies and departments that are dedicated to monitoring and protecting the nation’s natural resources. In this unit, you will learn about how these local and federal agencies work together to effect policy changes, regulate environmental concerns, and prevent further harm to the environment as we move into the future.

The Effects of Environmental Science Technology

There have been many recent advancements in environmental science technology. Many of the previous methods of energy and fuel production have caused harm to the world around you. Today, there are new and innovative methods geared towards preserving and protecting the environment. In this unit you will examine these technological advances and learn how environmental science is changing.

Final Review and Exam

AP Psychology

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
One year of biology is a prerequisite for this course.

Description:
This course is the equivalent of an introductory college course, including an overview of current research methods and theories. Students explore therapies used by professionals and examine the way people learn and think. Human reactions, instincts, aggression, intimacy, altruism, and information retention are also studied.

Textbook:
Psychology: Eighth Edition (in Modules)

Psychology A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
The exploration of psychology begins with a historical review of how man has sought to explain human behavior from ancient times to today. Students learn about the research methods and how the scientific method of inquiry moved psychology from hypnosis and mesmerism to serious inquiry utilizing hard science to prove theories.

Units:

Introducing Psychology

In this introductory unit, you will learn about the importance of psychology as a field of inquiry and how for thousands of years man has sought to understand the inner workings of the human mind. You will explore psychology's early roots in philosophy, religion, and mythology; marvel in the strange early "pseudo sciences;" and begin to understand how the rise of science set the stage for psychology as we know it today.The unit begins with an exploration of the value of psychology as a field of study through its practical applications to your everyday life. Through this, you will develop an appreciation for the goals of psychology and an understanding of its scientific basis.The road to modern day psychology is a long and twisting one that is marked by various conflicting perspectives. Because of this, our journey through this unit will take us through the last few centuries where we will meet the major players and the various schools of thought they represent. By building on these early perspectives you will come to understand how modern psychology is indeed a reflection of our current view of the world.

Research Methods Statistics

In the last unit, you learned about the scientific method and that psychologists rely on formal systematic observations to address their questions. It is this methodology that makes psychology scientific. In this unit, we will deepen your understanding of these methods so that you will be able to evaluate the research-based information that is presented to you in your daily life. It is important to think critically about data because you are bombarded with research findings nearly everyday. The government, advertisers, scientists and others use research data to draw conclusions about everything from the state of the economy and the safety of products to how to improve your health. Learning how to evaluate these reports from a research perspective will help you use this information wisely and to know which reports you should disregard because of flaws and/or limitations with the study.

Basics of the Nervous System

In this unit, you will explore the depths of the nervous system and its components. You will begin by understanding the form and functions of the most basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron. You will discover how electrochemical impulses stimulate neurons and nervous system pathways that affect both physical activities and thoughts. You will dissect the human brain in all its beauty and explore the amazing findings that have occurred as a result in technological advances in modern medicine and neuroscience. You will also examine the effects of other factors on behavior, both hormonal and genetic.

This investigation of the nervous system and the brain will further your understanding of the biological bases of behavior and lay the foundation for understanding how people think and perceive the world, and how drugs, sleep, and dreams affect the brain and behavior.

Altered States

The phrase "altered state of consciousness" was coined in the 1970s and describes intentionally, unnaturally induced changes in one's mental state, sometimes attained through the use of recreational drugs and psychedelic substances such as LSD and marijuana.

To understand altered states of consciousness, you will build on what you have learned about the normal functioning of the brain and the nervous system and will explore what occurs in the brain during unconscious states. In this exploration, you will attempt to understand the mysteries of the most common unconscious states: sleep and dreams. You will discover that dreams are a language of imagery and that this imagery ranges from the normal to the surreal and can include frightening nightmares. You will come to realize that although this is an area of psychology research that has intrigued scientists and has been the subject of considerable research, no one is actually certain about the function of dreams and sleep.

Sensation and Perception

How do you obtain reliable and useful information about the environment through your senses? That is to say, how do you come to be aware of the stimuli in your surroundings? What can illusions tell you about how the visual system normally works?

In this unit, you will look at behavior (how does an outfielder catch a fly ball?) and neurophysiological evidence (what parts of the brain are most active when we view a spot of red light?). You will explore the anatomical structure of the various sensory systems (how is light transformed into a neural signal within the eye?); the functional architecture of the perceptual parts of the human brain; psychophysics (the quantitative measurement of perceptual experience); form, depth, and motion perception; color vision; visual attention; perceptual memory; auditory perception, and the sense of touch. You will learn about conscious awareness.

Development Theories

In this unit, you will be introduced to the field of developmental psychology, which is the study of behavior across the life span. You will survey the major theorists of this field and discern the key themes of various theoretical perspectives on human development related to cognitive, social, and emotional development, from birth through adolescence. You will learn that psychologists face two critical problems in understanding human development: 1) determining how environmental variables (such as parental attitudes) and biological characteristics (such as health) interact and influence behavior, and 2) understanding how behavioral changes influence one another. Finally, you will look at current research trends that stress the interaction of environmental events and biological traits that influence behavior and development, and understand how and why this research provides methods for helping children with risk factors to develop more normally.

Psychology B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Successful completion of Psychology A

Description:
In Psychology B, students investigate the brain personality theories in order to understand the complex mental processes of learning, memory, thought, and language. Mental health issues, ranging from stress to disorders, are discussed, and the last unit reviews various methods of therapy.

Units:

Psychological Testing

What is the nature of intelligence? All of us have some vague notion as to what intelligence means, but do we really know? In this unit, you will look at how psychologists seek to define this elusive notion of intelligence and how the various definitions of this phenomenon influence the development of instruments used to measure intelligence.

Some of the instruments for measuring intelligence that you will look at will be very familiar. In fact, you have probably taken a few or more of these tests. You will learn what these tests really seek to measure and how such tests measure different things. In this unit, you will learn about the difference between objective and projective tests, and you will begin to understand the difference between what an SAT or MMPI measures in contrast to some other measurement devices such as the Rorschach Ink Blot tests. Finally, you will have an opportunity to take a few of these tests online and see what the experts say about your personality.

Theories of Personality

In this unit, on personality theories, you will examine a number of theories from Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis to Carl Roger's cognitive theory of "self." While the sheer volume of personality theories will amaze you, you might find this area a bit confusing. You might ask, "who's right?" Interestingly, this aspect of psychology is the least amenable to research and provides a great number of complimentary and sometimes conflicting theories. Another interesting thing about the exploration of personality theories is that you might expect it to be the easiest of all since we all come to it with direct access to our own thoughts and feelings and since we have plenty of experience dealing with people. But do not mistake familiarity with knowledge. In fact, the topic of theories of personality is probably one of the most difficult and most complex in the field of psychology. Finally, In this unit, you will come to realize that the study of personality theories is less scientific than you might hope. There will be theories that fit in better with your experiences of self than others. You will also find that there will be times that several theorists say similar things, even though they are taking very different approaches.

Learning, Memory, and Motivation

Learning is involved in almost every phenomenon psychologists study and occurs in many different ways. In this unit, you will explore the major learning theories that shape your understanding of learning principles and applications. Once you have an understanding of how learning occurs, you will begin your study of memory including the memory processes and systems and the nature of forgetting. In the later lessons, you will apply the foundational principles of learning and memory to explore the various forms of human thought and reasoning. This exploration will culminate in your study of the most complex cognitive product that humans have – language.

Stress, Coping, and Mental Health

What is stress? We think that we know what it means, but what does it have to do with psychology or mental health? In this unit, you will not only look at how psychologists define stress, but also what role stress plays in our psychological and physical well-being.

You will be very familiar with some of the ways that stress is defined. However, you will also look at the positive and necessary role that stress plays in our lives through functions such as "fight or flight" and "eustress."

And since it seems that people are constantly looking for ways to reduce the amount of stress in their lives, you will also investigate various methods of stress management.

Forms and Tables

Introduction to Computers and Applications A

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Students increase their knowledge of computer hardware, software, operating systems in this technology course. The A course covers the physical components of a computer and common hardware features, allowing students to gain knowledge helpful in evaluate and purchasing personal computers. The common features of Microsoft Windows are also explored.

Units:

Internet Safety

In this unit, you will learn about Internet safety. The goal of the lessons in this unit is to educate you on how to avoid dangerous, inappropriate, or unlawful online behavior. You will become aware of the dangers associated with the Internet by reading stories and scenarios, learning safety tips, and completing related activities.

National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS-S) Performance Indicators:

All students should have opportunities to demonstrate the following performances. Prior to completion of Grade 12, students will: 4. Demonstrate and advocate for legal and ethical behaviors among peers, family, and community regarding the use of technology and information.NETS-S were developed by the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE).

Hardware

Windows

Final Review and Exam

Introduction to Computers and Applications B

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
Students must have successfully completed Introduction to Computers and Applications A in order to take Introduction to Computers and Applications B.

To participate in this course the student must have Microsoft Office (up to the 2003 version) including Word, Excel, and PowerPoint installed on his or her machine. It should be installed before the course begins.

Description:
The second of two courses that comprise Introduction to Computers and Applications, the B course introduces students to computer applications commonly used in today’s business world. Students learn the basics of creating word processing documents, spreadsheets, databases, and slide presentations.

Units:

Internet Safety

In this unit, you will learn about Internet safety. The goal of the lessons in this unit is to educate you on how to avoid dangerous, inappropriate, or unlawful online behavior. You will become aware of the dangers associated with the Internet by reading stories and scenarios, learning safety tips, and completing related activities.

National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS-S) Performance Indicators:

All students should have opportunities to demonstrate the following performances. Prior to completion of Grade 12, students will: 4. Demonstrate and advocate for legal and ethical behaviors among peers,family, and community regarding the use of technology and information.NETS-S were developed by the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE).

Microsoft Word

Introduction to PowerPoint

Excel

Final Review and Exam

Keyboarding

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Prerequisites:
A high-speed Internet connection is necessary to download the program required for this course.

Description:
In this course, the student will explore a variety of keyboarding strategies including learning the function of all the keys, how to find them quickly, and the importance of keyboarding for his future career. Major concepts of this course include the alphabetic and numeric keyboard, history of the keyboard and new technology, keyboard skill building (speed and accuracy), business ethics, formatting various academic and business documents.

Units:

Alpha Keyboarding

In this introductory unit you will be introduced to the alphabetic keyboard and touch-typing. The Home Row keys, correct posture, and correct hand and finger positions will be introduced. There will be many opportunities to practice newly learned keys. You will be encouraged to concentrate first on typing accuracy and then on typing speed.

Numeric Keyboarding

In this unit you will learn the numeric keys and symbol keys on the keyboard. You will also learn the numeric keys and symbol keys on the numeric keypad (the far right section of the keyboard).

You will continue to complete practice exercises and activities in MicroType. You will also submit MicroType summary reports to your teacher throughout this unit in order to monitor your progress.

Applying Keyboarding Skills

In this unit you will learn about the history of the keyboard as well as about future technologies related to keyboarding. You will apply keyboarding knowledge and skills from the previous units to complete keyboarding skillbuilders. These exercises will help you increase keying speed and accuracy. Also in this unit, you will be introduced to proper formatting for typing business e-mails and business letters. You will prepare a business e-mail and letter.

Additional Skillbuilding

In this final unit you will continue to complete keyboarding skillbuilders to increase keying speed and accuracy. By now you have learned the entire keyboard and the art of touch-typing. You will continue to practice typing using the good habits developed throughout the course.

Programming: Java/C++

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
In this course, students learn the basics of computer programming using C++ language. Students use Visual Studio.NET 2003 to write programming code that involves variables, common functions, flow control statements, and random numbers. Students are introduced to additional concepts in computer programming such as storing data, classes, and dynamic data.

Units:

Exploring Visual C++ 2005 Express

In this introductory unit, you will be introduced to the programming application Visual C++ 2005 Express. After you download and install the program, you will learn how to create new program files and how to debug existing programs. In addition, you will complete the lab “Hello World,” which will give you the opportunity to write and test-run your first C++ program.

Variables

In this unit you will define different types of data, including int, bool, char, float, and string. You will complete the lab “Data Types,” during which you will learn about program variables, such as name, type, and value. In this lab you will design a program that includes the following information: your favorite number, favorite letter, favorite animal, grade point average, and whether or not you like this programming class. Finally, you will create an interactive program that generates random sentences.

Common Functions and Variables

In this unit you will continue to create programs that perform specific functions, such as assign values to constants and pass data from one function to the main function. You will be required to complete the following labs during this unit: Streaming Output and Input, Functions, Arithmetic Expressions, Constants, Grand Canyon Road Trip, and Typecasting. Be prepared to take part in several interactive projects as well as complete several quizzes in this unit.

Flow Control

In this unit you will explore flow control with regard to your programs, and you will learn how the words “if,” “for,” and “while” influence computer decision-making. During this unit, you will complete the labs “Continue and Break” and “Switch and Default” as you continue to delve into the world of programming. You will also create a Fibonacci program that is based upon the famous Fibonacci number sequence.

Random Numbers

In this unit you will explore random numbers. You will create a program that provides a random number, as well as feedback, to a given user. You will learn how to add a counter to your program, so that a counting variable is added each time a random number is given. Finally you will complete the lab “Fortune Teller” in which you will develop a program that contains numbers associated with general answers such as “yes,” “no,” and “maybe.”

Working with Variables

In this unit, you will study the following terms: array, element, and index. You will complete a lab on arrays, in which you will learn why arrays are important and how to create an array. You will explore strings in another lab, during which you will be asked to assign a string to a value. Finally, you will create a game in which the computer randomly generates six sides of a die.

Pointers and Structured Types

In this unit, you will learn the basics of pointers, which are variables that contain the addresses of where specific data is stored in memory. After studying pointers and memory, you will write a program that will ask the user for a message to encrypt. Next, you will learn how to use the debugger function in C++, which will allow you to check your program for errors. As part of this unit, you will complete three labs—“Structures,” “Unions,” and “Data Abstraction”—that will allow you to hone your new C++ skills.

Classes

In this unit you will study classes, or a group of functions and variables that are combined into one object. You will complete a project to help you better understand class prototype and functionality. While learning about classes, you will explore the three basic groups of members in a class: public, private, and friend. You will conclude this unit by exploring class constructors and destructors in C++ and by completing a lab on class inheritance.

Dynamic Data & File I/O

In this unit you will complete a lab called New and Delete, in which you will be asked to revisit your student database program to remove the array. You will also complete the lab “Linked Lists,” in which you will explore the process of linking class lists. In this unit, you will also learn how to read and save your program data to a file so that you can access data the next time you decide to run the application.

Inline and Overloaded Functions

In this final unit, you will learn how to overload a function, or allow the user to make multiple versions of a function to accomplish different things. You will complete the project Multi-Multiplier in which you will write a program with two separate variables. In addition, you will complete a lab on recursion, or the ability for a function to call itself from itself. By completing this lab, you will learn about the benefits of recursion.

Programming: VB.NET

Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Credits: 0.50

Description:
Students explore the Visual Basic.NET (VB.NET) computer programming language, and use it to create a series of hands-on projects that contain variables, menus, logical expressions, complex message boxes, and arrays.

Units:

Pseudocode and Integrated Development

In this introductory unit, you will learn about several programming languages, including Visual Basic, which allows programmers to create, edit, test, and end programs. You will define the Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and you will download the Visual Basic program and begin to study some of its features. Also in this unit, you will complete a lab on pseudocode—a false code used by programmers to help organize thoughts and save time.

Objects, Properties, and Variables

In this unit, you will be given an overview of the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and some of its more popular features. Following the overview, you will complete an assignment on objects and properties, which you will submit to your teacher for a grade. During this unit, you will also study labels, text boxes, and variables.

Events, Subprograms, Functions, and Conventions

In this unit, you will learn how to distinguish between modules and subprograms, and you will study functions—a special type of subprogram written to solve a specific problem. In the third lesson, you will complete a program using the format function and submit the assignment to your teacher. Finally, you will study random numbers, comments, and names.

Debugging, Strings, and Menus

In the first lesson of this unit, you will study bugs and the process of removing bugs: debugging. You will complete a lab that includes information about run-time errors and syntax errors. In the next two lessons, you will learn about strings. You will practice manipulating strings, and you will complete the lab, String Functions. In the final lesson of the unit, you will study menus. After completing a lab on menus, you will submit a menu-based program to your teacher.

Buttons and Boxes

In this unit, you will study four programming features: picture boxes, group boxes, radio buttons, and check boxes. You will complete four labs in which you will learn how to create and add each feature to an existing program. At the end of the unit, you will complete and submit a portfolio item—a form that includes both buttons and boxes.

Decisions

In this unit, you will explore computer programs and decision-making. In the first lab, you will learn how to identify Boolean operators and how to use logical expressions in a program. In the second lab, “If Then,” you will practice coding compound and simple “If Then” statements. You will also study blocks and nesting during this unit.

Scope of Variables and Complex Message Boxes

In this unit, you will study program variables. You will differentiate between local, module, and global variables, and you will learn how to code local variables within an “If” statement. In addition, you will practice creating a cipher program to encode or decode a secret message. At the end of the unit, you will complete a lab on message boxes. You will learn how to create and add message boxes to an existing code.

Loops

In this unit about loops, you will learn how to identify the three stages of loops: initialization, comparison, and change. During this unit, you will complete two labs that will require you to practice coding “For Next” loops and “Do While” loops. At the end of the unit, you will create a dice statistics program and submit it to your teacher for a grade.

List and Combo Boxes

In the first two lessons of this unit, you will study list boxes and combo boxes. You will learn how to create both types of boxes in a set of labs specific to each type of box. In the final lesson of this unit, you will complete the lab “Fibonacci Spirals,” in which you will write a program that generates the famous Fibonacci sequence.

Sequential Files and Arrays

In this final unit, you will learn about sequential files and arrays. In the first lesson, you will complete the lab “Creating Sequential Files,” in which you will learn how to create, open, and close a sequential file. In the following lesson, you will learn how to use loops to read a sequential file. At the end of the unit, you will define variable arrays and you will practice writing code using arrays and loops.